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[Music]

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hello and welcome to nasa science live

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i'm stephanie smith from the nasa

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headquarters social media team and we

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are coming to you live from sunny

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central california vandenberg space

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force base to be precise where hours

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from now dart that's the double asteroid

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redirection test we'll be lifting off

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there's tons of activity going on inside

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the nasa hangar so come with me we're

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going to take you inside you're going to

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meet scientists you're going to meet

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engineers and

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by the way we're taking your questions

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just go ahead and use the hashtag

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asknasa or if the feed you're watching

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has a comment box pop your questions in

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there moderators are standing by while

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we take you behind the scenes heck we've

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even got the shipping container the dart

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came in from the applied physics lab and

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this is the hangar where the launch

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commentary will be tonight as we get

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ready to blast off for a date with an

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asteroid you might be wondering does

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that asteroid pose a threat to us now or

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after the test and the short answer is

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no it doesn't in fact there are no known

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asteroid threats to earth for the next

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hundred years but it doesn't mean that

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we're not keeping our eyes on the skies

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we'll get into all of that and more on

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nasa science live but first let's do a

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deep dive on dart

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in case there was an asteroid coming

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towards earth and you're there you can

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actually stop it i mean that's kind of

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fantastic nasa is crashing a spacecraft

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into an asteroid what you think science

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fiction but this is real never in my

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life would i have thought i would take a

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couple hundred million dollar spacecraft

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and crash it into an asteroid my name is

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michelle chen i'm layna adams my name is

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kelly fast i'm andy rivkin i'm justina

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serogets and i help tell the story of

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the dart mission i'm a planetary

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defender and i study how the orbits of

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asteroids change after we hit the

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spacecraft my job was primarily to make

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sure all the systems on the spacecraft

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work together the dart mission is nasa's

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first test of a planetary defense

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technique called kinetic impactor dart

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is the double asteroid redirection test

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it's just a spacecraft that is going to

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go and smack an asteroid the moonlit

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dimorphose which orbits the asteroid

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dynamos and see if we can change its

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trajectory just a little bit in order to

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show that we can deflect incoming

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asteroids if you need to dart will only

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be changing the period of the orbit of

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dimorphose by a tiny amount but in space

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just a little bit is just enough to make

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an asteroid actually miss us in the

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event that an asteroid is discovered

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well ahead of time before it might

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impact earth behind me you see the

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spacecraft it's really cool to see it

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coming together in real life it is

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fantastic to see it in real life to see

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it turn from ideas into real pieces that

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are gonna go into space the solar arrays

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will actually roll out to 28 feet in

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length once the solar rays are deployed

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it's going to be the size of a school

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bus as the solar array opens up it's

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going to swing out in this direction the

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asteroids only two football fields

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inside we're flying at over six

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kilometers a second thirty days out we

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see one pixel on our field of view you

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can see dynamos and demorphos as one

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point of light about four hours of our

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spacecraft becomes autonomous and that's

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where everything gets really exciting

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you actually are seeing

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impact we're super excited and nervous

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as well i feel really honored and

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humbled to be working in an area of

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science that has such a broader impact

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figuratively and literally

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so dark the dinosaurs are made

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completely extinct by an asteroid impact

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so many years ago here we are we can

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actually do something about it i think

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well now that you've had a chance to see

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what dart aims to do we know you've got

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questions let's go ahead and meet the

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folks who've got answers joining me now

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are dr laurie glaze the director of

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planetary science at nasa headquarters

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lisa wu mechanical engineer at johns

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hopkins university applied physics

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laboratory or apl

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for short and then also from apl dr

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nancy chabot the dart coordination lead

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all right well thanks so much for being

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here how are you feeling on launch day

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amazing exhilarated i mean i just can't

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even believe this day's here

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so excited so excited got to go out and

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look at the rocket this morning and it's

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on the pad and we are so ready to go

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it is just so amazing we are on the pad

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we're going to launch tonight and it's

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beautiful here it is in california yeah

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vandenberg air force base space force

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base man old habits die hard can have

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some really really thick marine layer

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and clouds but the skies are clear and

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let's let's hope let's hope for a good

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lift off but also clear skies and good

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visibility exactly okay so this show is

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all about questions i'm going to start

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with a few of mine and then we'll get to

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yours okay so lori

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the big question

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why is the dart mission important why do

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we have to do this

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great question this is a really really

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important mission because it is

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humanity's first ever

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mission to try and deflect an asteroid

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to help us prepare for

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a potential danger in the future

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so

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what we're going to try and do is is

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move this asteroid just change its orbit

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a little bit and demonstrate that we can

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actually do this this is really really

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important that we do this now

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when we are in a point where we don't

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know of any asteroids that are

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potentially dangerous right now that are

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significant threat i should say those

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are a significant threat over the next

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hundred years but we want to test this

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technique so that if and when we

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discover an asteroid that might be a

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potential threat we have this tool in

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our belt and we're ready to go luck

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favors the prepared so we want to test

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the technology before we need it

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absolutely okay all right now lisa

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on on the engineering side of things you

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have been with this mission since it was

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a new baby cat drawing and now i know

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it's a full-fledged spacecraft sitting

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on top of its falcon 9 rocket oh man can

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you tell us more about this amazing

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machine

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how it works what are its parts how is

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it going to do do the job it's it's made

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to do sure of course so part of the dart

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spacecraft we have this instrument

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called draco and it's basically a camera

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the eye of the spacecraft if you will

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on board we also have this algorithm

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called smart nav built at apl and

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together these two things work as the

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eye and the brain and that is how we

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will go and

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get to our target and then on the

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spacecraft of course because our number

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one mission is to impact this asteroid

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that means you know we can do a few more

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technology demonstrations so we have

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some really cool technologies like the

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roses the rollout solar arrays those are

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really cool because they literally roll

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out like a yoga mat and those are solar

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rays we have our nexi ion engine and

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that's going to test out the ion engine

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um we also have our high gan antenna

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that uses a radial line slot array so

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like these there's so many cool

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technologies on this mission and i'm

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just so excited to have been part of it

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you you're like a like a glowing proud

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parent over there basically

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are you sure you're gonna be okay

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when you destroy your spacecraft by

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slamming it into an asteroid you know i

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worked really hard on spacecraft but

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this is for the science

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so i'm okay with it smash it

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okay for the greater good yes for the

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greater good but one one follow-up

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question on that if you destroy the

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spacecraft which is what you intend to

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do on a successful day uh

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how will you know how will you see it

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so when we're approaching this asteroid

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draco will be sending all these images

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back to earth

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until it doesn't

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and then

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10 days before we actually impact we

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will be deploying a cubesat and that

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cubesat will be

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taking pictures of the entire impact so

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we will also be getting all of that

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really cool pictures so stay tuned

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all right okay from engineering over to

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science nancy this is the first time

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that we're doing a test of a kinetic

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impactor

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what are you most looking forward to

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about this test

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well i'm most looking forward to how

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much we actually deflect this asteroid

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right i mean this is a test and you know

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these asteroids aren't a threat to the

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earth like we were talking about but we

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want to do this test before we need to

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to be ready um and we're not really sure

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exactly how much we're going to deflect

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it we know it's a double asteroid system

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because telescopes all right yeah we've

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got we've got a handy dandy handy here

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yeah we know it's

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right dynamos is not not did a moon but

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dimorphous amorphous okay a smaller one

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and it goes around like clockwork every

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11 hours and 55 minutes like a so we're

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just we're coming around sure just like

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around every 11 hours and 55 minutes and

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telescopes on the earth discovered that

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this was a double asteroid system and

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know this and that's why they've gotten

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this down really precisely and so what's

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going to happen it's going around okay

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we're coming around and then coming

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around spacecraft's going to come and

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slam into it head on oh thank you lori

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that's perfect

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and there we go dart spacecraft totally

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destroyed how are we going to know how

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much we deflected it dart spacecraft is

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not gonna tell us the italian lychee

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cube cubesat is is long gone after some

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spectacular images telescopes on the

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ground again are key to this mission and

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we think we're gonna change it by maybe

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about 10 minutes so the clock will be

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more like 11 hours and 45 minutes going

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forward but we're not really sure could

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be less could be more and that's what

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i'm most excited about learning and

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because this is bigger than dart dart is

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just the start we're doing this first

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test but we want to understand this to

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potentially protect the earth in the

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future so i think that also makes this

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really exciting that it's not just this

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one test but how are we going to apply

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it going forward

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fantastic okay so those are some of my

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questions what are your questions

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remember you can use the hashtag asknasa

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if you are

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00:10:54,069 --> 00:10:52,000
on twitter or instagram if you've got a

276
00:10:56,230 --> 00:10:54,079
live chat like on youtube or facebook

277
00:10:58,630 --> 00:10:56,240
just pop your questions right there and

278
00:11:00,550 --> 00:10:58,640
the moderators will get those over to me

279
00:11:03,350 --> 00:11:00,560
and as they do that and we begin to

280
00:11:04,870 --> 00:11:03,360
ponder your questions here's one more

281
00:11:06,870 --> 00:11:04,880
for you to ponder

282
00:11:07,750 --> 00:11:06,880
how will dart deflect an asteroid in

283
00:11:09,750 --> 00:11:07,760
space

284
00:11:11,750 --> 00:11:09,760
we asked astronauts shane kimbrough and

285
00:11:13,430 --> 00:11:11,760
tomah pasquet to demonstrate in

286
00:11:15,590 --> 00:11:13,440
microgravity

287
00:11:18,150 --> 00:11:15,600
hi everyone i'm tomate and i'm with my

288
00:11:19,990 --> 00:11:18,160
favorite astronaut shane kimbrough uh up

289
00:11:21,590 --> 00:11:20,000
here on the space station

290
00:11:24,550 --> 00:11:21,600
today we're going to talk about a very

291
00:11:26,550 --> 00:11:24,560
cool new nasa mission is called dart can

292
00:11:28,949 --> 00:11:26,560
you tell us and tell me a little bit

293
00:11:30,630 --> 00:11:28,959
more about what is nasa's dart mission

294
00:11:33,430 --> 00:11:30,640
and what does nasa

295
00:11:34,949 --> 00:11:33,440
dart mission stand for

296
00:11:37,829 --> 00:11:34,959
okay yeah so

297
00:11:39,190 --> 00:11:37,839
dart is nasa's first planetary defense

298
00:11:41,190 --> 00:11:39,200
test

299
00:11:42,949 --> 00:11:41,200
so we're gonna we're gonna try to do

300
00:11:45,829 --> 00:11:42,959
something we've never done before

301
00:11:49,190 --> 00:11:45,839
with a spacecraft uh dart stands for

302
00:11:52,230 --> 00:11:49,200
double asteroid redirection test so a

303
00:11:54,310 --> 00:11:52,240
nice acronym nasa does like acronyms

304
00:11:55,990 --> 00:11:54,320
dart is another one

305
00:11:57,750 --> 00:11:56,000
and now the purpose of this spacecraft

306
00:12:00,310 --> 00:11:57,760
and this mission it has one purpose

307
00:12:02,310 --> 00:12:00,320
that's to crash itself into an asteroid

308
00:12:03,750 --> 00:12:02,320
and try to redirect it or try to move it

309
00:12:05,269 --> 00:12:03,760
into a different orbit

310
00:12:06,150 --> 00:12:05,279
so today shane

311
00:12:08,230 --> 00:12:06,160
uh

312
00:12:10,629 --> 00:12:08,240
we're gonna demonstrate

313
00:12:11,829 --> 00:12:10,639
some of those principles that you laid

314
00:12:14,550 --> 00:12:11,839
out before

315
00:12:16,949 --> 00:12:14,560
um but can you tell us exactly how we're

316
00:12:18,310 --> 00:12:16,959
gonna do that

317
00:12:20,069 --> 00:12:18,320
well i can try we're gonna it's the

318
00:12:22,069 --> 00:12:20,079
first time for us but uh we're gonna try

319
00:12:24,470 --> 00:12:22,079
to demonstrate this this asteroid

320
00:12:26,550 --> 00:12:24,480
kinetic deflection method which is

321
00:12:28,870 --> 00:12:26,560
really the moment that that that

322
00:12:30,310 --> 00:12:28,880
spacecraft crashes into the asteroid so

323
00:12:31,829 --> 00:12:30,320
we're going to use microgravity up here

324
00:12:34,150 --> 00:12:31,839
because we have that

325
00:12:35,190 --> 00:12:34,160
all the time we're going to try to

326
00:12:37,030 --> 00:12:35,200
show you

327
00:12:40,230 --> 00:12:37,040
kind of how this is going to work when

328
00:12:41,829 --> 00:12:40,240
the asteroid is hit by this spacecraft

329
00:12:43,070 --> 00:12:41,839
called dart

330
00:12:48,230 --> 00:12:43,080
so here we go

331
00:12:52,150 --> 00:12:49,750
so what i'll do

332
00:12:53,670 --> 00:12:52,160
shane's going to be the asteroid

333
00:12:56,150 --> 00:12:53,680
and i'm going to be the nasa dart

334
00:12:57,910 --> 00:12:56,160
mission on this ctb more exactly is

335
00:13:00,150 --> 00:12:57,920
going to be a spacecraft

336
00:13:03,030 --> 00:13:00,160
i'm going to try to throw it and we look

337
00:13:06,230 --> 00:13:03,040
at the effect of that mass coming at him

338
00:13:09,350 --> 00:13:06,240
and the kinetic energy transfer from the

339
00:13:12,230 --> 00:13:09,360
ctb to shane shane will be perfectly

340
00:13:26,150 --> 00:13:14,870
it's not an easy test you ready

341
00:13:30,629 --> 00:13:29,210
i've redirected shane successfully

342
00:13:33,509 --> 00:13:30,639
[Music]

343
00:13:37,430 --> 00:13:35,750
a while ago we we uh got out the door

344
00:13:39,189 --> 00:13:37,440
and we got some new solar arrays here on

345
00:13:41,189 --> 00:13:39,199
space station and so the same technology

346
00:13:42,949 --> 00:13:41,199
we have here now on the space station is

347
00:13:46,069 --> 00:13:42,959
going to be used to power the dart

348
00:13:48,949 --> 00:13:46,079
mission on its way to this asteroid rosa

349
00:13:51,350 --> 00:13:48,959
um in case you didn't know but you knew

350
00:13:52,949 --> 00:13:51,360
it stands for iss rolled out solar rays

351
00:13:56,150 --> 00:13:52,959
so we got a chance to go outside and

352
00:13:58,870 --> 00:13:56,160
install the very first two of these new

353
00:14:00,470 --> 00:13:58,880
irosas or roll out solar rays on the

354
00:14:03,350 --> 00:14:00,480
very end of the space station out on the

355
00:14:05,509 --> 00:14:03,360
port side um these are different because

356
00:14:07,430 --> 00:14:05,519
for one they're much lighter and smaller

357
00:14:09,430 --> 00:14:07,440
they're to me they look very fragile

358
00:14:10,870 --> 00:14:09,440
when we were picking them up and moving

359
00:14:12,629 --> 00:14:10,880
them but they're rolled up so they when

360
00:14:14,790 --> 00:14:12,639
they launch they're kind of rolled up

361
00:14:17,110 --> 00:14:14,800
into a compact cylinder

362
00:14:19,430 --> 00:14:17,120
which is great for launch conditions

363
00:14:21,670 --> 00:14:19,440
and then once they get up on the space

364
00:14:23,030 --> 00:14:21,680
station or in space for a satellite or

365
00:14:25,509 --> 00:14:23,040
something they can then roll these

366
00:14:27,430 --> 00:14:25,519
things out to be useful and so the same

367
00:14:29,509 --> 00:14:27,440
technology we have here now on the space

368
00:14:32,230 --> 00:14:29,519
station is going to be used to power the

369
00:14:32,950 --> 00:14:32,240
dart mission on its way to crashing into

370
00:14:35,910 --> 00:14:32,960
an asteroid

371
00:14:37,350 --> 00:14:35,920
[Music]

372
00:14:39,750 --> 00:14:37,360
and that's the kind of successful

373
00:14:42,949 --> 00:14:39,760
deflection that we're looking for okay

374
00:14:45,590 --> 00:14:42,959
we're back with lori lisa and nancy to

375
00:14:47,990 --> 00:14:45,600
answer your questions remember hashtag

376
00:14:50,949 --> 00:14:48,000
ask nasa or just pop them right in the

377
00:14:53,430 --> 00:14:50,959
stream wherever you are watching okay

378
00:14:54,310 --> 00:14:53,440
first question and this one has lots of

379
00:14:57,030 --> 00:14:54,320
likes

380
00:14:58,550 --> 00:14:57,040
joseph forbes on facebook asks

381
00:15:01,030 --> 00:14:58,560
what if the law of unintended

382
00:15:04,230 --> 00:15:01,040
consequences is it outside the realm of

383
00:15:06,150 --> 00:15:04,240
possibility that a nudge

384
00:15:07,990 --> 00:15:06,160
might change in orbit from an innocuous

385
00:15:09,910 --> 00:15:08,000
one to one that does put it on a

386
00:15:11,430 --> 00:15:09,920
collision course with earth

387
00:15:13,829 --> 00:15:11,440
yeah and that's a really really

388
00:15:16,550 --> 00:15:13,839
important question and it's important to

389
00:15:18,710 --> 00:15:16,560
understand that we chose this system

390
00:15:21,750 --> 00:15:18,720
here didimos and dimorphis specifically

391
00:15:23,590 --> 00:15:21,760
because it really provides the perfect

392
00:15:24,949 --> 00:15:23,600
test case for this

393
00:15:27,590 --> 00:15:24,959
experiment

394
00:15:29,749 --> 00:15:27,600
where we have no chance of that

395
00:15:31,829 --> 00:15:29,759
unintended consequence and the way i

396
00:15:33,990 --> 00:15:31,839
like to think about this is the little

397
00:15:35,269 --> 00:15:34,000
moon here dimorphous if you could

398
00:15:38,150 --> 00:15:35,279
imagine

399
00:15:40,949 --> 00:15:38,160
a high school football stadium that's

400
00:15:42,310 --> 00:15:40,959
full of rocks that's about the size of

401
00:15:44,310 --> 00:15:42,320
that little moon

402
00:15:45,990 --> 00:15:44,320
so you imagine that big football stadium

403
00:15:47,749 --> 00:15:46,000
that's full of rocks and then you take a

404
00:15:50,389 --> 00:15:47,759
refrigerator and you ram that

405
00:15:53,509 --> 00:15:50,399
refrigerator into that big pile of rocks

406
00:15:56,069 --> 00:15:53,519
so it's going to make a little bit of a

407
00:15:58,710 --> 00:15:56,079
little tiny change in the speed of that

408
00:16:01,350 --> 00:15:58,720
um little moon but not very much just a

409
00:16:03,269 --> 00:16:01,360
tiny bit but over time it's going to

410
00:16:05,350 --> 00:16:03,279
it's going to go around diddy most and

411
00:16:06,790 --> 00:16:05,360
it'll we're hoping to slow it down nancy

412
00:16:08,949 --> 00:16:06,800
can talk about that a little more how we

413
00:16:11,749 --> 00:16:08,959
slow it down and it goes around but

414
00:16:14,470 --> 00:16:11,759
overall this whole system that didimos

415
00:16:16,389 --> 00:16:14,480
is like a half a mile across it's big

416
00:16:18,550 --> 00:16:16,399
compared to dimorphosis so when we make

417
00:16:21,269 --> 00:16:18,560
this little change to dimorphous the

418
00:16:23,110 --> 00:16:21,279
overall momentum of this system is

419
00:16:25,430 --> 00:16:23,120
pretty much going to be the same it will

420
00:16:27,110 --> 00:16:25,440
not even be detectable what we've done

421
00:16:29,670 --> 00:16:27,120
so it really is

422
00:16:31,829 --> 00:16:29,680
exactly why we chose this kind of

423
00:16:33,590 --> 00:16:31,839
a binary asteroid system for this kind

424
00:16:36,949 --> 00:16:33,600
of experiment that's one of the reasons

425
00:16:39,509 --> 00:16:36,959
why it provides such a good example that

426
00:16:41,829 --> 00:16:39,519
we really it is no risk physically and

427
00:16:44,870 --> 00:16:41,839
physically impossible we're not going to

428
00:16:48,629 --> 00:16:44,880
set off a billiard ball reaction exactly

429
00:16:51,189 --> 00:16:48,639
okay exactly everybody rest easy

430
00:16:53,749 --> 00:16:51,199
okay moving right along okay well maybe

431
00:16:56,550 --> 00:16:53,759
not keith keith taylor asked i've heard

432
00:16:58,470 --> 00:16:56,560
some scientists say that if

433
00:17:01,350 --> 00:16:58,480
an earth killer asteroid was headed our

434
00:17:03,910 --> 00:17:01,360
way you'd need five years to spot it get

435
00:17:05,990 --> 00:17:03,920
to it bombard it giving deflected shards

436
00:17:07,750 --> 00:17:06,000
enough time to deviate their path and

437
00:17:09,750 --> 00:17:07,760
miss us

438
00:17:11,350 --> 00:17:09,760
is that true

439
00:17:12,949 --> 00:17:11,360
yeah warning time is really what you

440
00:17:14,870 --> 00:17:12,959
want and this is really why it's

441
00:17:16,789 --> 00:17:14,880
important to understand that planetary

442
00:17:18,390 --> 00:17:16,799
defense is much more than just

443
00:17:19,909 --> 00:17:18,400
deflecting asteroids

444
00:17:22,069 --> 00:17:19,919
you need to be finding all of the

445
00:17:24,150 --> 00:17:22,079
asteroids this is key to planetary

446
00:17:26,630 --> 00:17:24,160
defense knowing where the asteroids are

447
00:17:29,430 --> 00:17:26,640
characterizing them tracking them

448
00:17:31,029 --> 00:17:29,440
assessing collaborating internationally

449
00:17:33,270 --> 00:17:31,039
because it's a global concern we're all

450
00:17:35,110 --> 00:17:33,280
on this planet together and then

451
00:17:36,390 --> 00:17:35,120
mitigating doing something about it if

452
00:17:38,710 --> 00:17:36,400
you need it to and that's where dart

453
00:17:40,390 --> 00:17:38,720
comes in into this one larger strategy

454
00:17:41,909 --> 00:17:40,400
and so really you want to give yourself

455
00:17:43,990 --> 00:17:41,919
this warning time because something like

456
00:17:46,390 --> 00:17:44,000
this is just a small nudge which adds up

457
00:17:47,990 --> 00:17:46,400
to a big position change over time so

458
00:17:49,830 --> 00:17:48,000
the asteroid in the earth theoretically

459
00:17:51,990 --> 00:17:49,840
wouldn't be on a path to hit in the

460
00:17:53,590 --> 00:17:52,000
future on a collision course and this is

461
00:17:55,270 --> 00:17:53,600
why you need this warning time and you

462
00:17:56,549 --> 00:17:55,280
have to do so much more to find the

463
00:17:58,150 --> 00:17:56,559
asteroids and there's actually a lot

464
00:17:59,430 --> 00:17:58,160
that we need to do on that still i guess

465
00:18:01,029 --> 00:17:59,440
maybe you want to pick it up there lori

466
00:18:02,789 --> 00:18:01,039
yeah i do i want to add just a little

467
00:18:04,549 --> 00:18:02,799
bit to that because what nancy said is

468
00:18:07,190 --> 00:18:04,559
so correct that it's critically

469
00:18:09,430 --> 00:18:07,200
important that we uh identify the

470
00:18:12,310 --> 00:18:09,440
asteroids and then characterize them so

471
00:18:14,150 --> 00:18:12,320
we know their orbits and so right now we

472
00:18:16,150 --> 00:18:14,160
have ground-based telescopes that are

473
00:18:17,350 --> 00:18:16,160
observing the night sky every night

474
00:18:20,470 --> 00:18:17,360
looking and searching for these

475
00:18:23,270 --> 00:18:20,480
asteroids we actually also have

476
00:18:26,230 --> 00:18:23,280
a space-based telescope

477
00:18:27,909 --> 00:18:26,240
called neo wise which was a repurposed

478
00:18:30,310 --> 00:18:27,919
astrophysics mission that was originally

479
00:18:32,630 --> 00:18:30,320
called wise and it's out there also

480
00:18:34,870 --> 00:18:32,640
looking for asteroids but we uh we're

481
00:18:36,310 --> 00:18:34,880
still we know there's still many of

482
00:18:38,070 --> 00:18:36,320
these smaller asteroids out there that

483
00:18:39,750 --> 00:18:38,080
we haven't discovered yet so we actually

484
00:18:42,390 --> 00:18:39,760
have a new mission that we've just

485
00:18:44,870 --> 00:18:42,400
started called neo surveyor the near

486
00:18:46,549 --> 00:18:44,880
earth object surveyor mission

487
00:18:48,549 --> 00:18:46,559
and it's just getting underway now and

488
00:18:50,630 --> 00:18:48,559
that's going to be a really powerful

489
00:18:53,270 --> 00:18:50,640
mission uh when it gets launched a few

490
00:18:55,510 --> 00:18:53,280
years from now that its sole purpose is

491
00:18:56,870 --> 00:18:55,520
to really

492
00:18:59,909 --> 00:18:56,880
every day and every night to be

493
00:19:01,669 --> 00:18:59,919
searching the skies looking for um these

494
00:19:04,230 --> 00:19:01,679
uh these asteroids essentially the same

495
00:19:06,070 --> 00:19:04,240
size as dimorphous helping us better

496
00:19:07,830 --> 00:19:06,080
understand what the potential threats

497
00:19:10,870 --> 00:19:07,840
are that are out there always keeping

498
00:19:13,270 --> 00:19:10,880
those eyes on the skies right okay so

499
00:19:15,590 --> 00:19:13,280
back to little dimorphis here for a

500
00:19:19,029 --> 00:19:15,600
second um what's going to happen to the

501
00:19:20,549 --> 00:19:19,039
debris from the asteroid

502
00:19:21,830 --> 00:19:20,559
well the debris is actually we think

503
00:19:23,669 --> 00:19:21,840
going to be an important part of the

504
00:19:25,350 --> 00:19:23,679
experiment so we think dart's going to

505
00:19:27,510 --> 00:19:25,360
come well dart will come speeding in at

506
00:19:30,150 --> 00:19:27,520
15 000 miles per hour and it's going to

507
00:19:31,830 --> 00:19:30,160
crash into demorphos right but we think

508
00:19:33,590 --> 00:19:31,840
that ejecta is going to go off in the

509
00:19:35,669 --> 00:19:33,600
other direction and actually give it

510
00:19:37,590 --> 00:19:35,679
even an extra push like a little jet

511
00:19:39,270 --> 00:19:37,600
engine that shoots out from it right the

512
00:19:41,430 --> 00:19:39,280
rocks shoot out from it in the other way

513
00:19:42,630 --> 00:19:41,440
and uh but how much of that happens is

514
00:19:44,390 --> 00:19:42,640
one of the reasons that we want to do

515
00:19:46,310 --> 00:19:44,400
this test on a real asteroid too because

516
00:19:48,470 --> 00:19:46,320
real asteroids have different shapes and

517
00:19:49,669 --> 00:19:48,480
different sizes and boulders and how are

518
00:19:51,909 --> 00:19:49,679
they put together and what is the

519
00:19:53,750 --> 00:19:51,919
strength um so then these uh this debris

520
00:19:56,150 --> 00:19:53,760
though is very very small it'll stay

521
00:19:57,750 --> 00:19:56,160
with the system and again no threat to

522
00:20:00,870 --> 00:19:57,760
the earth whatsoever

523
00:20:03,830 --> 00:20:00,880
exactly all right so

524
00:20:06,149 --> 00:20:03,840
let's go over back to uh engineering um

525
00:20:08,390 --> 00:20:06,159
yadi on twitter wants to know how do you

526
00:20:11,270 --> 00:20:08,400
know if it worked

527
00:20:13,190 --> 00:20:11,280
well you see we have this camera um

528
00:20:15,510 --> 00:20:13,200
draco as i mentioned before and that's

529
00:20:18,310 --> 00:20:15,520
going to be sending pictures back to

530
00:20:21,110 --> 00:20:18,320
earth and about four hours out that is

531
00:20:23,669 --> 00:20:21,120
when smart nav the brain of dart

532
00:20:26,390 --> 00:20:23,679
actually will start taking over so we'll

533
00:20:28,630 --> 00:20:26,400
not be joysticking the spacecraft from

534
00:20:31,430 --> 00:20:28,640
earth it's fully autonomous four hours

535
00:20:33,430 --> 00:20:31,440
out and then at one hour is when we

536
00:20:36,470 --> 00:20:33,440
actually will start seeing the smaller

537
00:20:38,470 --> 00:20:36,480
asteroid and smart nav will start firing

538
00:20:41,909 --> 00:20:38,480
off thrusters getting it closer and

539
00:20:44,470 --> 00:20:41,919
closer to its target until you know we

540
00:20:45,510 --> 00:20:44,480
will hit it

541
00:20:47,990 --> 00:20:45,520
okay

542
00:20:49,669 --> 00:20:48,000
so question for the entire panel here

543
00:20:51,590 --> 00:20:49,679
logan on youtube wants to know how long

544
00:20:53,270 --> 00:20:51,600
have you been working on dart

545
00:20:55,430 --> 00:20:53,280
oh i'm going to let i think lisa should

546
00:20:57,029 --> 00:20:55,440
start on this one okay because i think

547
00:20:58,789 --> 00:20:57,039
we've got we've got you know you're

548
00:21:00,789 --> 00:20:58,799
coming at this from a lot of different

549
00:21:03,750 --> 00:21:00,799
angles correct from from sort of the

550
00:21:06,230 --> 00:21:03,760
nasa science and business side right

551
00:21:08,149 --> 00:21:06,240
engineering building and then the

552
00:21:10,470 --> 00:21:08,159
science the science that really starts

553
00:21:12,470 --> 00:21:10,480
with uh you know with that impact yeah

554
00:21:14,230 --> 00:21:12,480
so i've been on dart for five years

555
00:21:16,470 --> 00:21:14,240
about when i started enjoying the dart

556
00:21:18,870 --> 00:21:16,480
team so nasa started initial development

557
00:21:20,549 --> 00:21:18,880
phase of dart in 2015 and i started

558
00:21:22,630 --> 00:21:20,559
shortly after that on the project as

559
00:21:24,070 --> 00:21:22,640
well and it's just been a joy to join

560
00:21:25,669 --> 00:21:24,080
this team one of the things that i love

561
00:21:27,990 --> 00:21:25,679
about being on a team like this is it

562
00:21:30,070 --> 00:21:28,000
takes so much different expertise to all

563
00:21:31,510 --> 00:21:30,080
come together in order to accomplish

564
00:21:33,190 --> 00:21:31,520
something that's so much bigger than any

565
00:21:35,830 --> 00:21:33,200
one person could do on their own and

566
00:21:37,750 --> 00:21:35,840
dart obviously is a key example of that

567
00:21:40,310 --> 00:21:37,760
and you know i'm just overjoyed to be a

568
00:21:43,590 --> 00:21:40,320
part of this mission yeah so i've been

569
00:21:46,149 --> 00:21:43,600
on dart for three years this is my very

570
00:21:48,390 --> 00:21:46,159
first spacecraft so i'm super excited

571
00:21:50,070 --> 00:21:48,400
for launch and the fact i was a part of

572
00:21:51,990 --> 00:21:50,080
building the spacecraft like how many

573
00:21:54,310 --> 00:21:52,000
people get to say that i built this

574
00:21:56,230 --> 00:21:54,320
spacecraft like wow

575
00:21:57,029 --> 00:21:56,240
i'm just a few years out of college so

576
00:21:58,470 --> 00:21:57,039
like

577
00:22:00,149 --> 00:21:58,480
to everyone out there

578
00:22:03,669 --> 00:22:00,159
this is so cool

579
00:22:06,549 --> 00:22:03,679
no you got your foot in the door at apl

580
00:22:07,990 --> 00:22:06,559
yes and you did a rotation there yeah

581
00:22:08,870 --> 00:22:08,000
that landed you

582
00:22:11,909 --> 00:22:08,880
yes

583
00:22:13,669 --> 00:22:11,919
so right out of undergrad i went to apl

584
00:22:15,510 --> 00:22:13,679
and i was in a rotation program where i

585
00:22:16,710 --> 00:22:15,520
went to all different types of groups at

586
00:22:18,789 --> 00:22:16,720
the lab

587
00:22:21,270 --> 00:22:18,799
one of them one of my projects was dart

588
00:22:23,510 --> 00:22:21,280
and you know i i really liked it so

589
00:22:25,990 --> 00:22:23,520
here i am three years later

590
00:22:27,990 --> 00:22:26,000
that is so cool that's so cool did you

591
00:22:30,310 --> 00:22:28,000
did you greenlight this thing do we have

592
00:22:33,350 --> 00:22:30,320
you to thank for this mission lori well

593
00:22:35,029 --> 00:22:33,360
i've been paying for this mission

594
00:22:37,430 --> 00:22:35,039
thank you very much

595
00:22:39,590 --> 00:22:37,440
but so i i joined nasa headquarters

596
00:22:40,470 --> 00:22:39,600
about three and a half years ago

597
00:22:45,590 --> 00:22:40,480
and

598
00:22:47,590 --> 00:22:45,600
doing my my research at nasa's goddard

599
00:22:50,230 --> 00:22:47,600
space flight center and of course i knew

600
00:22:51,750 --> 00:22:50,240
about dart but i was not specifically

601
00:22:54,070 --> 00:22:51,760
involved with dart but when i came to

602
00:22:56,789 --> 00:22:54,080
headquarters in my current role dart is

603
00:22:58,549 --> 00:22:56,799
a part of my overall portfolio for

604
00:23:00,470 --> 00:22:58,559
planetary science

605
00:23:01,830 --> 00:23:00,480
and when i look across our entire

606
00:23:04,549 --> 00:23:01,840
portfolio

607
00:23:06,549 --> 00:23:04,559
i was so excited to to actually have

608
00:23:08,789 --> 00:23:06,559
dart be a part of this when i came in

609
00:23:11,110 --> 00:23:08,799
because we have a lot of great science

610
00:23:12,789 --> 00:23:11,120
missions but we only have one planetary

611
00:23:14,549 --> 00:23:12,799
defense mission or we did at the time

612
00:23:16,549 --> 00:23:14,559
and now we have two but at that time

613
00:23:19,430 --> 00:23:16,559
there was only one and dart i thought

614
00:23:22,230 --> 00:23:19,440
you know we have an amazing opportunity

615
00:23:24,950 --> 00:23:22,240
with this mission to uh to tell the

616
00:23:26,950 --> 00:23:24,960
world about how important it is that we

617
00:23:29,750 --> 00:23:26,960
defend our planet and and get more

618
00:23:31,750 --> 00:23:29,760
planetary defenders um out there and so

619
00:23:34,070 --> 00:23:31,760
it's been a really really important part

620
00:23:36,789 --> 00:23:34,080
of what we do in planetary science

621
00:23:40,070 --> 00:23:36,799
okay so all right from the personal

622
00:23:43,029 --> 00:23:40,080
stories back to the science nancy uh

623
00:23:45,830 --> 00:23:43,039
jake smith 9287 wants to know could

624
00:23:48,470 --> 00:23:45,840
asteroids be the reason water came to

625
00:23:50,950 --> 00:23:48,480
earth oh that's a great question yeah i

626
00:23:52,789 --> 00:23:50,960
mean asteroids are fascinating objects

627
00:23:55,110 --> 00:23:52,799
they're the relics of the early solar

628
00:23:57,350 --> 00:23:55,120
system they were the building blocks of

629
00:23:59,190 --> 00:23:57,360
the planets um and so they really did

630
00:24:00,870 --> 00:23:59,200
bring a lot of important stuff to the

631
00:24:03,029 --> 00:24:00,880
planets water might have been one of

632
00:24:05,909 --> 00:24:03,039
them along with other materials that's

633
00:24:07,430 --> 00:24:05,919
really an active area of science um

634
00:24:09,269 --> 00:24:07,440
that's that's fascinating and we have

635
00:24:11,110 --> 00:24:09,279
some other missions that nasa is doing

636
00:24:13,029 --> 00:24:11,120
that are really in a position to address

637
00:24:14,710 --> 00:24:13,039
that specifically like the osiris-rex

638
00:24:16,070 --> 00:24:14,720
mission so maybe laura you want to say a

639
00:24:17,750 --> 00:24:16,080
few words let's say a few words we're

640
00:24:20,149 --> 00:24:17,760
here to talk about dart today but i will

641
00:24:22,870 --> 00:24:20,159
give a quick shout out to the osiris-rex

642
00:24:23,909 --> 00:24:22,880
mission which collected a sample um a

643
00:24:25,269 --> 00:24:23,919
year ago

644
00:24:27,510 --> 00:24:25,279
in october

645
00:24:28,630 --> 00:24:27,520
and is now on its way back to earth to

646
00:24:30,630 --> 00:24:28,640
bring that back and that's a

647
00:24:32,470 --> 00:24:30,640
particularly special asteroid because we

648
00:24:35,430 --> 00:24:32,480
do think not only did it have water

649
00:24:37,669 --> 00:24:35,440
bearing minerals on it but also organic

650
00:24:39,510 --> 00:24:37,679
molecules so not just delivering water

651
00:24:41,669 --> 00:24:39,520
to earth and other planets but also the

652
00:24:44,630 --> 00:24:41,679
building blocks for life and as nancy

653
00:24:46,549 --> 00:24:44,640
says these are are fantastic relics of

654
00:24:48,710 --> 00:24:46,559
the early solar system that each tell us

655
00:24:50,789 --> 00:24:48,720
different parts of the story of how our

656
00:24:52,470 --> 00:24:50,799
solar system formed and evolved i think

657
00:24:54,310 --> 00:24:52,480
that's what's neat about asteroids too

658
00:24:55,669 --> 00:24:54,320
is that you kind of can look in the past

659
00:24:57,350 --> 00:24:55,679
right you know these things that are

660
00:24:58,870 --> 00:24:57,360
before the earth right that we can look

661
00:25:01,110 --> 00:24:58,880
back to see how they did but we're

662
00:25:02,470 --> 00:25:01,120
really talking here about the present

663
00:25:04,310 --> 00:25:02,480
right you know with what the current

664
00:25:06,549 --> 00:25:04,320
threat to the earth might be from these

665
00:25:08,149 --> 00:25:06,559
and then preparing for the future where

666
00:25:10,230 --> 00:25:08,159
we can be ready to do something about

667
00:25:12,710 --> 00:25:10,240
this if we needed to so it sort of spans

668
00:25:14,870 --> 00:25:12,720
this whole thing with asteroids

669
00:25:17,750 --> 00:25:14,880
well osiris-rex is on the minds of

670
00:25:19,669 --> 00:25:17,760
others too astro balrog on twitter wants

671
00:25:22,149 --> 00:25:19,679
to know does the dart mission have a

672
00:25:25,750 --> 00:25:22,159
volunteer ambassador team like

673
00:25:29,190 --> 00:25:25,760
osiris-rex did and if so he wants in or

674
00:25:30,710 --> 00:25:29,200
she or they but astro ball rock wants in

675
00:25:33,029 --> 00:25:30,720
okay

676
00:25:35,029 --> 00:25:33,039
planetary defenders with that terry

677
00:25:36,950 --> 00:25:35,039
defenders i think that's the the best

678
00:25:38,549 --> 00:25:36,960
way to go there um and you maybe have

679
00:25:41,029 --> 00:25:38,559
the url there for the

680
00:25:42,630 --> 00:25:41,039
military defenders stay tuned you have

681
00:25:44,470 --> 00:25:42,640
to you have to wait a little later in

682
00:25:46,390 --> 00:25:44,480
the show but we'll tell you how to be a

683
00:25:48,149 --> 00:25:46,400
planetary defender and i will say on the

684
00:25:49,909 --> 00:25:48,159
dart website we recently posted some

685
00:25:52,230 --> 00:25:49,919
great outreach materials so you can go

686
00:25:54,310 --> 00:25:52,240
under outreach on the dart website and

687
00:25:56,789 --> 00:25:54,320
there's a kit where you can build the

688
00:25:58,549 --> 00:25:56,799
dart spacecraft out of blocks yeah i saw

689
00:26:00,310 --> 00:25:58,559
that the other night it's awesome

690
00:26:02,310 --> 00:26:00,320
there's a virtual spacecraft that you

691
00:26:03,830 --> 00:26:02,320
can kind of go like pokemon go and like

692
00:26:05,510 --> 00:26:03,840
put it out there and take your you know

693
00:26:06,549 --> 00:26:05,520
see it in your scene and some other fun

694
00:26:07,669 --> 00:26:06,559
things so

695
00:26:10,149 --> 00:26:07,679
definitely there's a lot of stuff

696
00:26:11,669 --> 00:26:10,159
ramping up and check that out

697
00:26:14,390 --> 00:26:11,679
okay so

698
00:26:16,789 --> 00:26:14,400
back to our system seth on youtube asks

699
00:26:19,269 --> 00:26:16,799
how close are dynamos and demorphos to

700
00:26:22,149 --> 00:26:19,279
each other if you were standing on one

701
00:26:25,029 --> 00:26:22,159
would you be able to see the other

702
00:26:26,630 --> 00:26:25,039
yeah that models to scale and so this is

703
00:26:28,950 --> 00:26:26,640
uh this is the right scale for how it

704
00:26:31,190 --> 00:26:28,960
should be so i don't know if people are

705
00:26:33,029 --> 00:26:31,200
familiar with um the washington dc area

706
00:26:35,510 --> 00:26:33,039
but this is the analog that i have in my

707
00:26:38,230 --> 00:26:35,520
mind okay um the whole system didimos

708
00:26:39,909 --> 00:26:38,240
and dimorphos would fit between the u.s

709
00:26:42,470 --> 00:26:39,919
capitol building and the washington

710
00:26:44,149 --> 00:26:42,480
monument so you can absolutely see the

711
00:26:45,830 --> 00:26:44,159
washington monument from the capitol

712
00:26:49,430 --> 00:26:45,840
building right and you would see

713
00:26:52,870 --> 00:26:49,440
dimorphous from diddymos there we go

714
00:26:54,710 --> 00:26:52,880
okay so um nancy

715
00:26:56,950 --> 00:26:54,720
lilly hall on twitter wants to know how

716
00:26:59,669 --> 00:26:56,960
long ago did you identify the target

717
00:27:03,830 --> 00:27:01,510
well there was the uh

718
00:27:06,149 --> 00:27:03,840
1990s that this was discovered to be a

719
00:27:07,909 --> 00:27:06,159
binary asteroid system a double asteroid

720
00:27:10,230 --> 00:27:07,919
system was the first time that that was

721
00:27:12,230 --> 00:27:10,240
seen i mean so uh but you know dart

722
00:27:14,390 --> 00:27:12,240
mission didn't exist then so you know it

723
00:27:16,230 --> 00:27:14,400
was sort of uh talked about in some

724
00:27:17,990 --> 00:27:16,240
science conferences and planetary

725
00:27:19,750 --> 00:27:18,000
defense conferences this whole idea of a

726
00:27:21,990 --> 00:27:19,760
double asteroid system actually one of

727
00:27:23,669 --> 00:27:22,000
my colleagues andy chang at apl was one

728
00:27:25,110 --> 00:27:23,679
of the ones who originated he likes to

729
00:27:27,430 --> 00:27:25,120
tell this story where he was uh

730
00:27:29,510 --> 00:27:27,440
exercising in his basement and it just

731
00:27:31,029 --> 00:27:29,520
sort of came to him and uh anyways then

732
00:27:32,230 --> 00:27:31,039
he sort of shared it with colleagues who

733
00:27:34,149 --> 00:27:32,240
have been thinking about planetary

734
00:27:35,750 --> 00:27:34,159
defense and dynamos is just the ideal

735
00:27:37,590 --> 00:27:35,760
target because of this double asteroid

736
00:27:39,669 --> 00:27:37,600
nature nancy do you want to talk for

737
00:27:41,750 --> 00:27:39,679
just a minute about how we know it's a

738
00:27:43,590 --> 00:27:41,760
binary asteroid and how we know what the

739
00:27:45,110 --> 00:27:43,600
orbit is of dimorphous around data yeah

740
00:27:46,470 --> 00:27:45,120
what's really interesting right i mean

741
00:27:48,149 --> 00:27:46,480
and even if you look at the model like

742
00:27:49,590 --> 00:27:48,159
those two are pretty close to each other

743
00:27:51,430 --> 00:27:49,600
and from earth it just looks like a

744
00:27:53,350 --> 00:27:51,440
single point of light you can't see that

745
00:27:55,350 --> 00:27:53,360
there's two asteroids there especially

746
00:27:57,350 --> 00:27:55,360
especially if it's bad okay so yeah so

747
00:27:59,750 --> 00:27:57,360
when it's behind like that right what

748
00:28:02,789 --> 00:27:59,760
you only see the big one so it's less

749
00:28:04,310 --> 00:28:02,799
bright but when it comes out to the side

750
00:28:05,669 --> 00:28:04,320
there it's brighter because you're

751
00:28:07,510 --> 00:28:05,679
getting the light from both of those

752
00:28:09,110 --> 00:28:07,520
objects in the same frame and then it's

753
00:28:11,029 --> 00:28:09,120
darker and then it goes around and so

754
00:28:12,789 --> 00:28:11,039
that you just map out the brightness

755
00:28:15,029 --> 00:28:12,799
versus time brightness versus time take

756
00:28:16,870 --> 00:28:15,039
lots of measurements and over this 11

757
00:28:19,350 --> 00:28:16,880
hours and 55 minutes this brightness

758
00:28:20,870 --> 00:28:19,360
versus time changes and that's a really

759
00:28:22,549 --> 00:28:20,880
a great way and that's the same

760
00:28:24,149 --> 00:28:22,559
technique that's going to be used to

761
00:28:26,630 --> 00:28:24,159
figure out how much we deflected the

762
00:28:28,230 --> 00:28:26,640
asteroid so it's a great story

763
00:28:30,789 --> 00:28:28,240
okay we're getting lots and lots of

764
00:28:32,149 --> 00:28:30,799
questions about asteroids what we know

765
00:28:34,870 --> 00:28:32,159
what we don't

766
00:28:39,060 --> 00:28:34,880
so we asked a nasa scientist

767
00:28:48,070 --> 00:28:41,110
[Music]

768
00:28:51,269 --> 00:28:49,750
well no

769
00:28:53,190 --> 00:28:51,279
but the good news is we know where most

770
00:28:55,269 --> 00:28:53,200
of the really big ones are they get

771
00:28:57,350 --> 00:28:55,279
closest to the earth we found more than

772
00:28:59,510 --> 00:28:57,360
90 percent of these that's the great

773
00:29:01,430 --> 00:28:59,520
news but there are a lot more smaller

774
00:29:02,710 --> 00:29:01,440
pieces that are still out there that we

775
00:29:04,149 --> 00:29:02,720
haven't found

776
00:29:06,149 --> 00:29:04,159
it's really challenging to find

777
00:29:07,350 --> 00:29:06,159
asteroids and comets simply because even

778
00:29:10,389 --> 00:29:07,360
though some of them are as big as

779
00:29:12,789 --> 00:29:10,399
mountains space is incredibly huge and

780
00:29:14,630 --> 00:29:12,799
these things can be really far away in

781
00:29:16,389 --> 00:29:14,640
fact we want to find them when they're

782
00:29:19,190 --> 00:29:16,399
very far away from the earth so we have

783
00:29:20,789 --> 00:29:19,200
lots of time to take action if we ever

784
00:29:22,789 --> 00:29:20,799
find one that's really headed in our

785
00:29:25,350 --> 00:29:22,799
direction asteroids are both a source of

786
00:29:26,389 --> 00:29:25,360
fascination but sometimes fear because

787
00:29:28,630 --> 00:29:26,399
we wonder

788
00:29:30,789 --> 00:29:28,640
can they hit the earth it's really

789
00:29:32,710 --> 00:29:30,799
incredibly unlikely that a significant

790
00:29:35,269 --> 00:29:32,720
asteroid impact is going to occur in our

791
00:29:37,190 --> 00:29:35,279
lifetimes however that said if even one

792
00:29:38,870 --> 00:29:37,200
happens it could be really bad and

793
00:29:40,549 --> 00:29:38,880
that's why we want to go out and look

794
00:29:42,470 --> 00:29:40,559
for these objects and make sure that the

795
00:29:44,470 --> 00:29:42,480
earth and an asteroid never get too

796
00:29:47,029 --> 00:29:44,480
close for comfort so does nasa know

797
00:29:48,710 --> 00:29:47,039
about all the asteroids well no

798
00:29:50,789 --> 00:29:48,720
but we know what we have to do and we're

799
00:29:54,280 --> 00:29:50,799
on the job and we're really glad to be

800
00:29:58,149 --> 00:29:54,290
part of team planetary defense

801
00:30:03,190 --> 00:30:00,789
so as you can see nasa has an entire

802
00:30:06,710 --> 00:30:03,200
team of planetary defenders working to

803
00:30:08,710 --> 00:30:06,720
keep our planet safe and we want you

804
00:30:12,389 --> 00:30:08,720
that's right you can become a planetary

805
00:30:14,389 --> 00:30:12,399
defender today by visiting bitly.com

806
00:30:15,350 --> 00:30:14,399
planetary defender and test your

807
00:30:17,750 --> 00:30:15,360
knowledge

808
00:30:19,990 --> 00:30:17,760
if you do well enough on the quiz you

809
00:30:22,710 --> 00:30:20,000
will be able to get a special badge that

810
00:30:26,070 --> 00:30:22,720
you can share on social media planetary

811
00:30:28,230 --> 00:30:26,080
defender so we can see it over on the

812
00:30:30,149 --> 00:30:28,240
social media team here at nasa

813
00:30:32,149 --> 00:30:30,159
and with that we're gonna go back to

814
00:30:35,190 --> 00:30:32,159
questions okay

815
00:30:37,350 --> 00:30:35,200
next one up is from matthew cummins

816
00:30:40,070 --> 00:30:37,360
how do you determine what weight the

817
00:30:41,990 --> 00:30:40,080
spacecraft should be and its speed in

818
00:30:44,230 --> 00:30:42,000
relation to the weight and speed of the

819
00:30:46,870 --> 00:30:44,240
asteroid in order to change the

820
00:30:49,590 --> 00:30:46,880
asteroid's trajectory all right physics

821
00:30:50,950 --> 00:30:49,600
question coming at you engineer

822
00:30:52,870 --> 00:30:50,960
momentum

823
00:30:53,909 --> 00:30:52,880
physics

824
00:30:55,590 --> 00:30:53,919
so

825
00:30:58,310 --> 00:30:55,600
as we all know

826
00:31:00,310 --> 00:30:58,320
the asteroid is quite large and dart is

827
00:31:03,269 --> 00:31:00,320
quite small we're about the size of a

828
00:31:06,470 --> 00:31:03,279
smart car and we weigh roughly like

829
00:31:08,789 --> 00:31:06,480
60 pounds so you know compared to how

830
00:31:09,830 --> 00:31:08,799
big the asteroid is which as you said

831
00:31:12,549 --> 00:31:09,840
it's like

832
00:31:15,350 --> 00:31:12,559
a football stadium filled with rocks

833
00:31:17,029 --> 00:31:15,360
we're like really really small but we

834
00:31:19,509 --> 00:31:17,039
are going super super fast we're going

835
00:31:22,549 --> 00:31:19,519
15 000 miles per hour

836
00:31:25,590 --> 00:31:22,559
which per scale is like four miles per

837
00:31:28,070 --> 00:31:25,600
second so try going that fast that's a

838
00:31:30,830 --> 00:31:28,080
really fast um and with that and you

839
00:31:33,590 --> 00:31:30,840
know momentum you hit something transfer

840
00:31:36,870 --> 00:31:33,600
momentum that's how we're doing it

841
00:31:39,430 --> 00:31:36,880
the good old f equals m a yes all right

842
00:31:41,029 --> 00:31:39,440
my favorite my favorite equation yeah

843
00:31:43,029 --> 00:31:41,039
do do you have favorite equations or is

844
00:31:47,909 --> 00:31:43,039
that just me

845
00:31:51,590 --> 00:31:49,750
internet if you have a favorite equation

846
00:31:53,110 --> 00:31:51,600
please post it in the chat

847
00:31:53,990 --> 00:31:53,120
and i will go back and i will like it

848
00:31:54,870 --> 00:31:54,000
later

849
00:31:56,389 --> 00:31:54,880
okay

850
00:31:57,909 --> 00:31:56,399
um

851
00:32:00,070 --> 00:31:57,919
calachini

852
00:32:02,230 --> 00:32:00,080
craig mcguire how long is it going to

853
00:32:03,830 --> 00:32:02,240
take dart to get to this asteroid nancy

854
00:32:06,789 --> 00:32:03,840
how long do you have to wait to start

855
00:32:09,110 --> 00:32:06,799
your science well once we launch tonight

856
00:32:12,149 --> 00:32:09,120
and then it'll be 10 months so

857
00:32:14,789 --> 00:32:12,159
late september of 2022 is gonna be the

858
00:32:16,070 --> 00:32:14,799
smashing event if you will and uh so

859
00:32:17,590 --> 00:32:16,080
yeah

860
00:32:19,190 --> 00:32:17,600
thank you very much i know it's there's

861
00:32:21,509 --> 00:32:19,200
a lot of bad puns out there so i just

862
00:32:23,750 --> 00:32:21,519
embraced them um but yeah then we'll use

863
00:32:25,350 --> 00:32:23,760
uh the telescopes on the earth um we'll

864
00:32:28,389 --> 00:32:25,360
actually continue observing until around

865
00:32:30,549 --> 00:32:28,399
march of 2023 even because we're timing

866
00:32:33,029 --> 00:32:30,559
this in 2022 such that the distance

867
00:32:35,029 --> 00:32:33,039
between dynamos and earth is still large

868
00:32:36,389 --> 00:32:35,039
totally safe but is minimized and so the

869
00:32:38,630 --> 00:32:36,399
telescopes on earth are going to get the

870
00:32:40,310 --> 00:32:38,640
most precise data that they possibly can

871
00:32:42,149 --> 00:32:40,320
they'll be able to observe for months in

872
00:32:44,230 --> 00:32:42,159
order to really get a measure of how

873
00:32:47,029 --> 00:32:44,240
much we deflected this asteroid so and

874
00:32:49,909 --> 00:32:47,039
at this point in the day it's still

875
00:32:52,230 --> 00:32:49,919
fall 2022 late september early october

876
00:32:54,310 --> 00:32:52,240
but how soon are you gonna know when you

877
00:32:55,430 --> 00:32:54,320
have your date with destiny

878
00:32:56,600 --> 00:32:55,440
at uh

879
00:32:58,870 --> 00:32:56,610
10 22.

880
00:33:00,549 --> 00:32:58,880
[Laughter]

881
00:33:03,029 --> 00:33:00,559
when we launch it 10 21 as soon as we

882
00:33:05,509 --> 00:33:03,039
launch um then that'll set the uh date

883
00:33:07,350 --> 00:33:05,519
for darts collision with demorphos so

884
00:33:09,830 --> 00:33:07,360
awesome and then we can we can send out

885
00:33:12,389 --> 00:33:09,840
a save the date so that you can all join

886
00:33:13,830 --> 00:33:12,399
us back um yeah what do you say do you

887
00:33:17,430 --> 00:33:13,840
want to do you want to do do another

888
00:33:22,310 --> 00:33:18,710
you'll be there lori all right

889
00:33:24,870 --> 00:33:22,320
absolutely okay okay um slice fire on

890
00:33:26,470 --> 00:33:24,880
youtube what are your future plans i'm

891
00:33:28,789 --> 00:33:26,480
going to give this one to you lori what

892
00:33:30,630 --> 00:33:28,799
are your future plans for the use of

893
00:33:31,990 --> 00:33:30,640
this new technology that dart's going to

894
00:33:34,950 --> 00:33:32,000
give us

895
00:33:37,190 --> 00:33:34,960
great great question so the first step

896
00:33:40,149 --> 00:33:37,200
of course as nancy has said is that we

897
00:33:43,190 --> 00:33:40,159
need to assess the data we really need

898
00:33:45,990 --> 00:33:43,200
to learn from this experiment we need to

899
00:33:48,230 --> 00:33:46,000
learn and understand number one how well

900
00:33:51,990 --> 00:33:48,240
the smart nav system works how well

901
00:33:53,509 --> 00:33:52,000
we're able to target the asteroid um

902
00:33:55,590 --> 00:33:53,519
and impact it

903
00:33:58,789 --> 00:33:55,600
and then we need to understand how well

904
00:34:00,389 --> 00:33:58,799
that momentum transfer actually happens

905
00:34:02,389 --> 00:34:00,399
you know we don't know necessarily if

906
00:34:05,110 --> 00:34:02,399
the rock is solid rock or whether it's

907
00:34:06,310 --> 00:34:05,120
just a collection of rubble

908
00:34:08,629 --> 00:34:06,320
and that's going to make a difference on

909
00:34:10,869 --> 00:34:08,639
how effective we can transfer the the

910
00:34:12,790 --> 00:34:10,879
momentum so we need to really assess

911
00:34:14,389 --> 00:34:12,800
that data and understand how well did

912
00:34:16,550 --> 00:34:14,399
this technique work

913
00:34:18,470 --> 00:34:16,560
we also have some other techniques that

914
00:34:20,790 --> 00:34:18,480
we've been studying and thinking about

915
00:34:23,109 --> 00:34:20,800
for asteroid deflection um that we may

916
00:34:25,589 --> 00:34:23,119
want to think about perhaps for a future

917
00:34:28,230 --> 00:34:25,599
test or uh for comparison with how the

918
00:34:29,750 --> 00:34:28,240
connecticut other than connecticut so

919
00:34:31,829 --> 00:34:29,760
there's a couple other ideas that are

920
00:34:33,750 --> 00:34:31,839
out there that have also been explored

921
00:34:36,550 --> 00:34:33,760
and have been investigated one is

922
00:34:38,550 --> 00:34:36,560
something called a gravity tractor

923
00:34:40,869 --> 00:34:38,560
which to me sounds like uh science

924
00:34:43,750 --> 00:34:40,879
fiction but it is actually for real

925
00:34:45,510 --> 00:34:43,760
right that you can by adjusting the mass

926
00:34:47,030 --> 00:34:45,520
of an object by maybe taking off some

927
00:34:49,270 --> 00:34:47,040
mass or putting some mass onto it you

928
00:34:51,030 --> 00:34:49,280
can change its gravity field

929
00:34:53,030 --> 00:34:51,040
and so it's possible to actually change

930
00:34:54,869 --> 00:34:53,040
that a little bit another thought that's

931
00:34:57,670 --> 00:34:54,879
been out there is

932
00:34:59,589 --> 00:34:57,680
to potentially take a nuclear device and

933
00:35:02,390 --> 00:34:59,599
detonate it not

934
00:35:04,710 --> 00:35:02,400
detonate the asteroid i'll make that

935
00:35:07,510 --> 00:35:04,720
clear you want to detonate it near the

936
00:35:09,510 --> 00:35:07,520
asteroid to give it a bit of a push a

937
00:35:11,510 --> 00:35:09,520
bit of a big force

938
00:35:13,589 --> 00:35:11,520
and just for the record we don't want to

939
00:35:16,470 --> 00:35:13,599
blow up an asteroid nor do we want to

940
00:35:18,630 --> 00:35:16,480
hire a ragtag group of drillers to go

941
00:35:20,230 --> 00:35:18,640
out there and places i think i saw that

942
00:35:21,589 --> 00:35:20,240
one

943
00:35:23,910 --> 00:35:21,599
yeah i just want to explain though why

944
00:35:25,510 --> 00:35:23,920
you don't want to you know explode an

945
00:35:26,870 --> 00:35:25,520
asteroid because a lot of people say

946
00:35:29,270 --> 00:35:26,880
well i've seen it in the movies don't

947
00:35:30,950 --> 00:35:29,280
you want to just explode the asteroid

948
00:35:33,670 --> 00:35:30,960
and the problem with that

949
00:35:36,630 --> 00:35:33,680
idea is that if the asteroid is on a

950
00:35:39,670 --> 00:35:36,640
collision course with earth and you blow

951
00:35:41,510 --> 00:35:39,680
it up you then not just have one rock

952
00:35:44,710 --> 00:35:41,520
coming towards earth you now have

953
00:35:46,230 --> 00:35:44,720
thousands of rocks

954
00:35:48,150 --> 00:35:46,240
and then we have new problems so we

955
00:35:49,589 --> 00:35:48,160
really don't want to blow it up okay um

956
00:35:51,670 --> 00:35:49,599
so so those are things that we're

957
00:35:53,670 --> 00:35:51,680
thinking about for the future i already

958
00:35:55,750 --> 00:35:53,680
mentioned the neo surveyor mission which

959
00:35:58,230 --> 00:35:55,760
is another thing we have in our in our

960
00:36:00,870 --> 00:35:58,240
pocket for the future a really important

961
00:36:03,030 --> 00:36:00,880
part as i said to make sure we find all

962
00:36:04,870 --> 00:36:03,040
of the asteroids and then we know which

963
00:36:06,870 --> 00:36:04,880
ones are potential threat

964
00:36:08,230 --> 00:36:06,880
right now we know all of the asteroids

965
00:36:09,750 --> 00:36:08,240
we think we know almost all the ones

966
00:36:12,230 --> 00:36:09,760
that are really big

967
00:36:14,230 --> 00:36:12,240
um the ones that could like wipe out the

968
00:36:16,390 --> 00:36:14,240
dinosaurs that kind of size but the

969
00:36:17,910 --> 00:36:16,400
smaller ones like dimorphous and larger

970
00:36:20,069 --> 00:36:17,920
we still know there's a lot out there we

971
00:36:21,589 --> 00:36:20,079
haven't discovered and obviously yeah

972
00:36:23,750 --> 00:36:21,599
we're really excited about the hera

973
00:36:26,390 --> 00:36:23,760
mission too so yeah i mean so the

974
00:36:28,390 --> 00:36:26,400
european space agency a going to

975
00:36:30,950 --> 00:36:28,400
rendezvous with the dittomaster morpho

976
00:36:32,470 --> 00:36:30,960
system with the hera mission in 2026

977
00:36:34,069 --> 00:36:32,480
which is going to be great they'll be

978
00:36:35,430 --> 00:36:34,079
able to see the crater made by dart

979
00:36:37,030 --> 00:36:35,440
they'll be able to get the mass of

980
00:36:38,710 --> 00:36:37,040
demorphos and really characterize the

981
00:36:40,069 --> 00:36:38,720
system every more so along with all of

982
00:36:41,829 --> 00:36:40,079
everything that laurie said to we have

983
00:36:43,270 --> 00:36:41,839
to figure out from dart and we're just

984
00:36:45,510 --> 00:36:43,280
really working collaboratively with

985
00:36:47,510 --> 00:36:45,520
these two teams as is important for

986
00:36:50,870 --> 00:36:47,520
planetary defense international issue

987
00:36:51,750 --> 00:36:50,880
absolutely okay um so obviously

988
00:36:55,829 --> 00:36:51,760
uh

989
00:36:57,510 --> 00:36:55,839
in watching out for asteroids on the

990
00:36:59,510 --> 00:36:57,520
collision course with earth origami

991
00:37:02,230 --> 00:36:59,520
masters on twitter wants to know how

992
00:37:04,069 --> 00:37:02,240
often are their asteroid impacts um

993
00:37:06,150 --> 00:37:04,079
with other planets

994
00:37:08,150 --> 00:37:06,160
in our solar system oh

995
00:37:10,630 --> 00:37:08,160
regularly all the time in fact we've

996
00:37:12,310 --> 00:37:10,640
even seen some of them from earth uh

997
00:37:14,550 --> 00:37:12,320
we've actually saw an asteroid for

998
00:37:16,630 --> 00:37:14,560
example that went into jupiter's

999
00:37:19,510 --> 00:37:16,640
atmosphere several years back that was

1000
00:37:22,790 --> 00:37:19,520
kind of cool um on mars where we've been

1001
00:37:23,670 --> 00:37:22,800
having spacecraft that orbited mars

1002
00:37:25,349 --> 00:37:23,680
for

1003
00:37:27,670 --> 00:37:25,359
decades now

1004
00:37:30,470 --> 00:37:27,680
we can see new craters all the time that

1005
00:37:32,550 --> 00:37:30,480
are being created by asteroids that

1006
00:37:34,470 --> 00:37:32,560
impact on mars so we know this is a

1007
00:37:37,510 --> 00:37:34,480
process that's happening all over the

1008
00:37:39,910 --> 00:37:37,520
solar system at earth objects are

1009
00:37:42,230 --> 00:37:39,920
entering earth's atmosphere all the time

1010
00:37:44,310 --> 00:37:42,240
very small ones we actually get

1011
00:37:45,670 --> 00:37:44,320
reasonable size meteorites that that

1012
00:37:48,310 --> 00:37:45,680
fall all the way to the surface and

1013
00:37:49,750 --> 00:37:48,320
don't burn up for on a regular basis so

1014
00:37:51,589 --> 00:37:49,760
they're they're pretty common out there

1015
00:37:54,710 --> 00:37:51,599
but hopefully you know the ones that are

1016
00:37:57,589 --> 00:37:54,720
the bigger ones are not quite as common

1017
00:37:59,750 --> 00:37:57,599
okay so we uh we have teacher and and

1018
00:38:02,150 --> 00:37:59,760
her students all the way from hawaii

1019
00:38:05,109 --> 00:38:02,160
hawaiian disney mama on youtube asks

1020
00:38:07,750 --> 00:38:05,119
aloha my students want to know if the

1021
00:38:11,510 --> 00:38:07,760
asteroid didn't hit earth back in the

1022
00:38:13,829 --> 00:38:11,520
day and wipe out all the dinosaurs

1023
00:38:15,670 --> 00:38:13,839
would dinosaurs still be alive today

1024
00:38:18,630 --> 00:38:15,680
we're going to test the breadth of yours

1025
00:38:20,710 --> 00:38:18,640
science that is speculation that is a

1026
00:38:22,390 --> 00:38:20,720
really hypothetical questions because

1027
00:38:25,430 --> 00:38:22,400
there's so many

1028
00:38:26,710 --> 00:38:25,440
uh variables at play there

1029
00:38:29,190 --> 00:38:26,720
so many different things that have

1030
00:38:31,030 --> 00:38:29,200
happened since that time it was quite a

1031
00:38:32,710 --> 00:38:31,040
long time ago of course

1032
00:38:33,750 --> 00:38:32,720
um fair but you know the one thing we

1033
00:38:35,670 --> 00:38:33,760
like to say is that you know the

1034
00:38:37,349 --> 00:38:35,680
dinosaurs didn't have the planetary

1035
00:38:39,190 --> 00:38:37,359
defense coordination office they didn't

1036
00:38:40,950 --> 00:38:39,200
have a planetary defender to help them

1037
00:38:42,790 --> 00:38:40,960
save the day so right they didn't know

1038
00:38:45,270 --> 00:38:42,800
we're here to build the spacecraft to go

1039
00:38:47,030 --> 00:38:45,280
out there that's right and save them all

1040
00:38:48,310 --> 00:38:47,040
okay but thank you and we hope that

1041
00:38:49,190 --> 00:38:48,320
you'll be watching

1042
00:38:51,670 --> 00:38:49,200
okay

1043
00:38:52,950 --> 00:38:51,680
um on to shannon wayne bowman on

1044
00:38:55,829 --> 00:38:52,960
facebook

1045
00:38:57,349 --> 00:38:55,839
will we get to see it crash live and

1046
00:39:00,310 --> 00:38:57,359
would we be able to see it with the

1047
00:39:01,750 --> 00:39:00,320
naked eye by looking up

1048
00:39:04,230 --> 00:39:01,760
so the images are going to come stream

1049
00:39:06,150 --> 00:39:04,240
back from draco once every second and we

1050
00:39:08,390 --> 00:39:06,160
will be sure to get those images back

1051
00:39:10,069 --> 00:39:08,400
before the dart collision

1052
00:39:12,390 --> 00:39:10,079
happens so they'll be sent and on their

1053
00:39:14,230 --> 00:39:12,400
way streaming back every one per second

1054
00:39:15,670 --> 00:39:14,240
and that's going be uh information that

1055
00:39:18,230 --> 00:39:15,680
we'll have here on the earth the lychee

1056
00:39:19,990 --> 00:39:18,240
cube images will get transmitted back um

1057
00:39:21,349 --> 00:39:20,000
a few weeks later and it'll take them a

1058
00:39:22,710 --> 00:39:21,359
little bit longer so they'll capture

1059
00:39:24,710 --> 00:39:22,720
them and store them on board and then

1060
00:39:25,990 --> 00:39:24,720
send them back after the fact um you're

1061
00:39:27,510 --> 00:39:26,000
not really gonna be able to look up and

1062
00:39:29,829 --> 00:39:27,520
see anything with the naked eye again

1063
00:39:31,270 --> 00:39:29,839
this is like a tiny little nudge we're

1064
00:39:33,190 --> 00:39:31,280
changing it so you're not even being

1065
00:39:35,030 --> 00:39:33,200
able to see it on that scale model over

1066
00:39:36,310 --> 00:39:35,040
there so it's uh it's not going to be

1067
00:39:37,750 --> 00:39:36,320
the sort of thing that you can look up

1068
00:39:39,349 --> 00:39:37,760
and see but the images coming back will

1069
00:39:41,109 --> 00:39:39,359
be spectacular and correct me if i'm

1070
00:39:43,829 --> 00:39:41,119
wrong nancy but i believe what the time

1071
00:39:45,750 --> 00:39:43,839
of the impact um and lisa that the the

1072
00:39:48,230 --> 00:39:45,760
uh dynamos and dimorphos will be about

1073
00:39:50,790 --> 00:39:48,240
six and a half million miles away from

1074
00:39:52,790 --> 00:39:50,800
earth so it's a long way away very far

1075
00:39:54,310 --> 00:39:52,800
it's long but it's not as long as a lot

1076
00:39:56,390 --> 00:39:54,320
of things it's actually pretty close in

1077
00:39:57,430 --> 00:39:56,400
the things but

1078
00:39:59,349 --> 00:39:57,440
you won't be able to see it you need

1079
00:40:00,790 --> 00:39:59,359
some powerful telescopes to even be able

1080
00:40:01,589 --> 00:40:00,800
to see how the brightness changes with

1081
00:40:03,270 --> 00:40:01,599
time

1082
00:40:04,790 --> 00:40:03,280
okay okay so this is not something that

1083
00:40:07,190 --> 00:40:04,800
the home astronomer is going to be able

1084
00:40:09,750 --> 00:40:07,200
to to point their their telescope at and

1085
00:40:10,630 --> 00:40:09,760
find in the night sky no no that's not

1086
00:40:12,390 --> 00:40:10,640
the plan

1087
00:40:15,829 --> 00:40:12,400
we've got plenty of other stuff we'll

1088
00:40:17,430 --> 00:40:15,839
tell you just stay tuned okay um now for

1089
00:40:19,829 --> 00:40:17,440
those of you who are just joining us

1090
00:40:22,550 --> 00:40:19,839
again get your questions in use the

1091
00:40:25,030 --> 00:40:22,560
hashtag ask nasa you can also pop stuff

1092
00:40:27,750 --> 00:40:25,040
right in the stream in the chat wherever

1093
00:40:30,950 --> 00:40:27,760
you are watching and because some folks

1094
00:40:32,790 --> 00:40:30,960
are just tuning in um we are getting a

1095
00:40:35,190 --> 00:40:32,800
lot of some of the questions that you've

1096
00:40:37,670 --> 00:40:35,200
handled uh one that i think we have got

1097
00:40:40,870 --> 00:40:37,680
like a a public responsibility to touch

1098
00:40:45,510 --> 00:40:43,430
donna donna we hear you donna k bradshaw

1099
00:40:46,950 --> 00:40:45,520
on facebook wants to know

1100
00:40:49,270 --> 00:40:46,960
what if

1101
00:40:51,829 --> 00:40:49,280
this puts the asteroid in a chaotic

1102
00:40:54,470 --> 00:40:51,839
rotation that causes a horrible chain

1103
00:40:56,550 --> 00:40:54,480
reaction and it becomes a threat to

1104
00:40:58,710 --> 00:40:56,560
earth lori sure

1105
00:41:00,390 --> 00:40:58,720
yeah and again i'm happy to answer this

1106
00:41:01,589 --> 00:41:00,400
question as many times as you ask it

1107
00:41:02,630 --> 00:41:01,599
because it's really an important

1108
00:41:06,390 --> 00:41:02,640
question

1109
00:41:08,790 --> 00:41:06,400
and we really we chose this particular

1110
00:41:10,230 --> 00:41:08,800
double asteroid system this binary

1111
00:41:12,550 --> 00:41:10,240
asteroid system

1112
00:41:15,829 --> 00:41:12,560
precisely because it does not pose a

1113
00:41:18,309 --> 00:41:15,839
threat there is zero risk of that kind

1114
00:41:19,750 --> 00:41:18,319
of unintended consequence

1115
00:41:27,430 --> 00:41:19,760
the

1116
00:41:29,829 --> 00:41:27,440
very very tiny thank you yes we'll

1117
00:41:32,069 --> 00:41:29,839
impact here but that little impact is

1118
00:41:34,790 --> 00:41:32,079
really not going to change at all it has

1119
00:41:36,790 --> 00:41:34,800
no chance of changing the overall

1120
00:41:40,309 --> 00:41:36,800
system of how fast the overall system is

1121
00:41:42,069 --> 00:41:40,319
going or its path so nothing will change

1122
00:41:44,069 --> 00:41:42,079
in the whole dittimos system it's going

1123
00:41:46,390 --> 00:41:44,079
to stay exactly on the same trajectory

1124
00:41:48,069 --> 00:41:46,400
where it is now which is of no threat to

1125
00:41:49,030 --> 00:41:48,079
earth it's not coming anywhere near

1126
00:41:50,870 --> 00:41:49,040
earth

1127
00:41:52,470 --> 00:41:50,880
any time in

1128
00:41:53,750 --> 00:41:52,480
you know at least 100 years and probably

1129
00:41:56,710 --> 00:41:53,760
longer than that

1130
00:41:59,430 --> 00:41:56,720
so okay so rest easy

1131
00:42:00,950 --> 00:41:59,440
and enjoy the show too right this is

1132
00:42:03,990 --> 00:42:00,960
this is exciting

1133
00:42:06,390 --> 00:42:04,000
um chris bettencourt on facebook wants

1134
00:42:09,190 --> 00:42:06,400
to know what kind of systems do we have

1135
00:42:10,790 --> 00:42:09,200
in place to to monitor potentially

1136
00:42:13,190 --> 00:42:10,800
dangerous asteroids we've talked about

1137
00:42:15,030 --> 00:42:13,200
the ones that we know how are we keeping

1138
00:42:18,069 --> 00:42:15,040
our eyes on the skies

1139
00:42:20,150 --> 00:42:18,079
yeah it's a great question and we have

1140
00:42:22,150 --> 00:42:20,160
many ground-based telescopes that are

1141
00:42:24,950 --> 00:42:22,160
searching the night skies every single

1142
00:42:27,270 --> 00:42:24,960
night looking for potentially hazardous

1143
00:42:31,670 --> 00:42:27,280
asteroids and comets

1144
00:42:33,109 --> 00:42:31,680
and we also have a space-based telescope

1145
00:42:36,309 --> 00:42:33,119
which i think i mentioned earlier called

1146
00:42:38,950 --> 00:42:36,319
neo wise which is an old astrophysics

1147
00:42:41,030 --> 00:42:38,960
telescope that we we took over for

1148
00:42:44,470 --> 00:42:41,040
planetary defense purposes

1149
00:42:46,470 --> 00:42:44,480
it also is out looking uh for uh looking

1150
00:42:47,349 --> 00:42:46,480
for asteroids but also characterizing

1151
00:42:48,630 --> 00:42:47,359
them

1152
00:42:50,630 --> 00:42:48,640
and then we have this new mission the

1153
00:42:52,790 --> 00:42:50,640
neo surveyor near earth object surveyor

1154
00:42:55,109 --> 00:42:52,800
mission which we hope to launch um

1155
00:42:57,510 --> 00:42:55,119
perhaps in the next five years or so

1156
00:42:59,910 --> 00:42:57,520
that will be dedicated to searching for

1157
00:43:02,150 --> 00:42:59,920
those new asteroids and you do work in

1158
00:43:04,230 --> 00:43:02,160
conjunction with the amateur astronomy

1159
00:43:06,069 --> 00:43:04,240
community right good point yes we work

1160
00:43:09,190 --> 00:43:06,079
with the amateur astronomy community and

1161
00:43:10,790 --> 00:43:09,200
it's a global network right this is

1162
00:43:13,349 --> 00:43:10,800
planetary defense is not something

1163
00:43:15,030 --> 00:43:13,359
that's unique to united states

1164
00:43:17,349 --> 00:43:15,040
or any particular country this is a

1165
00:43:19,670 --> 00:43:17,359
global issue and

1166
00:43:22,150 --> 00:43:19,680
there are many space agencies and others

1167
00:43:24,150 --> 00:43:22,160
around the world that all work together

1168
00:43:25,910 --> 00:43:24,160
to coordinate the observations someone

1169
00:43:27,829 --> 00:43:25,920
detects an asteroid and they send the

1170
00:43:29,670 --> 00:43:27,839
signal out to everybody that says hey i

1171
00:43:31,829 --> 00:43:29,680
found this asteroid and everybody points

1172
00:43:34,470 --> 00:43:31,839
their telescope and says let me follow

1173
00:43:37,430 --> 00:43:34,480
up so we can better constrain just where

1174
00:43:39,030 --> 00:43:37,440
that asteroid what its orbit is and and

1175
00:43:41,670 --> 00:43:39,040
where it is and what uh what it looks

1176
00:43:43,910 --> 00:43:41,680
like and characterize it its size um so

1177
00:43:46,550 --> 00:43:43,920
it's it is really an international

1178
00:43:48,390 --> 00:43:46,560
collaboration and as a follow-up to that

1179
00:43:50,470 --> 00:43:48,400
uh mark new on facebook wants to know

1180
00:43:53,030 --> 00:43:50,480
what are the benefits of global

1181
00:43:55,190 --> 00:43:53,040
creativity and global cooperation in

1182
00:43:57,430 --> 00:43:55,200
such an important mission

1183
00:44:00,150 --> 00:43:57,440
well i think the the global cooperation

1184
00:44:03,190 --> 00:44:00,160
is absolutely critical um if if there

1185
00:44:04,550 --> 00:44:03,200
ever were actually a real threat we are

1186
00:44:06,470 --> 00:44:04,560
all going to have to come together as a

1187
00:44:07,190 --> 00:44:06,480
global community

1188
00:44:17,670 --> 00:44:07,200
to

1189
00:44:19,910 --> 00:44:17,680
help protect ourselves from a potential

1190
00:44:22,710 --> 00:44:19,920
threat um so it is ab this is an

1191
00:44:25,990 --> 00:44:22,720
absolutely critical um international

1192
00:44:27,829 --> 00:44:26,000
cooperation and lenin on youtube um

1193
00:44:30,230 --> 00:44:27,839
wants to know is there any other country

1194
00:44:33,109 --> 00:44:30,240
openly working on planetary defense or

1195
00:44:34,870 --> 00:44:33,119
is it just nasa no they're i think nancy

1196
00:44:36,790 --> 00:44:34,880
just mentioned a couple minutes ago the

1197
00:44:38,870 --> 00:44:36,800
hera mission that's being built by the

1198
00:44:40,950 --> 00:44:38,880
european space agency i mean we've got

1199
00:44:43,030 --> 00:44:40,960
lithium cube right so the italian space

1200
00:44:45,589 --> 00:44:43,040
agency already actively contributed

1201
00:44:48,550 --> 00:44:45,599
we're already hera from the european

1202
00:44:50,470 --> 00:44:48,560
space agency and so it really is uh

1203
00:44:51,910 --> 00:44:50,480
people around the world and agencies

1204
00:44:53,589 --> 00:44:51,920
around the world working together

1205
00:44:55,030 --> 00:44:53,599
cooperatively for this i mean the

1206
00:44:56,470 --> 00:44:55,040
database that you're referring to is all

1207
00:44:57,910 --> 00:44:56,480
publicly available right i mean you put

1208
00:45:00,550 --> 00:44:57,920
it all into the same database it's

1209
00:45:02,309 --> 00:45:00,560
constantly monitored updated real time

1210
00:45:04,630 --> 00:45:02,319
and you know you can go check it out at

1211
00:45:07,670 --> 00:45:04,640
the nasa website yeah

1212
00:45:10,230 --> 00:45:07,680
so to get a sense of scope

1213
00:45:12,390 --> 00:45:10,240
how many people have been involved in

1214
00:45:14,150 --> 00:45:12,400
this mission maybe we can kind of tote

1215
00:45:16,309 --> 00:45:14,160
it up from from the different parts of

1216
00:45:19,270 --> 00:45:16,319
nasa even just represented by the three

1217
00:45:21,430 --> 00:45:19,280
of you i'll pass it over to you guys

1218
00:45:24,390 --> 00:45:21,440
let's see what's the size of your uh

1219
00:45:26,790 --> 00:45:24,400
your team there my engineering team so

1220
00:45:28,950 --> 00:45:26,800
mechanical engineering we have about

1221
00:45:31,349 --> 00:45:28,960
let's say like a handful 10

1222
00:45:33,990 --> 00:45:31,359
but like there's so many people we have

1223
00:45:36,069 --> 00:45:34,000
our int folks our electrical folks we

1224
00:45:38,150 --> 00:45:36,079
have people who make our blankets former

1225
00:45:41,030 --> 00:45:38,160
seamstresses we have our truck drivers

1226
00:45:43,670 --> 00:45:41,040
who have to drive this spacecraft across

1227
00:45:46,309 --> 00:45:43,680
the country like there's a lot of people

1228
00:45:48,550 --> 00:45:46,319
and i also want to know that like we're

1229
00:45:51,109 --> 00:45:48,560
i've been working with like roughly 50

1230
00:45:53,829 --> 00:45:51,119
women and that is so rare in

1231
00:45:56,470 --> 00:45:53,839
an engineering field so i'm so thankful

1232
00:45:58,470 --> 00:45:56,480
to be working on a project where i have

1233
00:46:00,790 --> 00:45:58,480
so many role models

1234
00:46:02,950 --> 00:46:00,800
it's super cool great and yeah but

1235
00:46:04,630 --> 00:46:02,960
definitely the team if you have to do it

1236
00:46:05,990 --> 00:46:04,640
you should guess in the thousands right

1237
00:46:07,510 --> 00:46:06,000
i mean hundreds is too loud once you get

1238
00:46:09,430 --> 00:46:07,520
to the other day i mean you know i mean

1239
00:46:10,950 --> 00:46:09,440
like like creating the dart logo right

1240
00:46:12,870 --> 00:46:10,960
what you were talking about so cool i

1241
00:46:14,870 --> 00:46:12,880
mean it's just uh ghost takes people we

1242
00:46:16,950 --> 00:46:14,880
have a i mean we have apl right and then

1243
00:46:18,870 --> 00:46:16,960
there's nasa we have scientists across

1244
00:46:21,430 --> 00:46:18,880
the country we have scientists actually

1245
00:46:22,950 --> 00:46:21,440
around the world on this team um and you

1246
00:46:24,950 --> 00:46:22,960
know we have a lot of different partners

1247
00:46:26,790 --> 00:46:24,960
and really uh thousands is going to be

1248
00:46:30,630 --> 00:46:26,800
the right order of magnitude

1249
00:46:32,950 --> 00:46:30,640
to get there okay okay so uh earlier

1250
00:46:36,470 --> 00:46:32,960
lisa you talked a little bit about some

1251
00:46:37,430 --> 00:46:36,480
of the technologies that are on dart

1252
00:46:40,150 --> 00:46:37,440
um

1253
00:46:42,550 --> 00:46:40,160
just you know tween us on the internet

1254
00:46:45,670 --> 00:46:42,560
uh natocha on youtube wants to know does

1255
00:46:48,630 --> 00:46:45,680
dart carry any explosive devices

1256
00:46:50,950 --> 00:46:48,640
no i did not put any explosive devices

1257
00:46:52,710 --> 00:46:50,960
on the spacecraft and lisa would know i

1258
00:46:54,870 --> 00:46:52,720
was one of the last people to see this

1259
00:46:56,150 --> 00:46:54,880
facebook i was one of the last people to

1260
00:46:59,109 --> 00:46:56,160
see the spacecraft before we

1261
00:47:01,990 --> 00:46:59,119
encapsulated i know this thing inside

1262
00:47:05,589 --> 00:47:02,000
out so no explosives

1263
00:47:07,990 --> 00:47:05,599
fantastic okay on to facebook marcel on

1264
00:47:10,309 --> 00:47:08,000
facebook asks why crash the spacecraft

1265
00:47:13,030 --> 00:47:10,319
and not try a soft landing and then use

1266
00:47:14,230 --> 00:47:13,040
the engine of the spacecraft to push the

1267
00:47:16,150 --> 00:47:14,240
asteroid

1268
00:47:16,790 --> 00:47:16,160
goes back to momentum transfer doesn't

1269
00:47:18,470 --> 00:47:16,800
it

1270
00:47:21,190 --> 00:47:18,480
yeah do you want to

1271
00:47:24,230 --> 00:47:21,200
you know we are hitting this asteroid

1272
00:47:27,190 --> 00:47:24,240
really really fast the amount of thrust

1273
00:47:30,470 --> 00:47:27,200
you will need if we per say like landed

1274
00:47:33,829 --> 00:47:30,480
on the asteroid and try to like push

1275
00:47:36,069 --> 00:47:33,839
ourselves it's way way like a lot it's

1276
00:47:38,470 --> 00:47:36,079
much easier just to use the momentum or

1277
00:47:39,270 --> 00:47:38,480
we already have fifteen 000 miles per

1278
00:47:41,109 --> 00:47:39,280
hour

1279
00:47:42,390 --> 00:47:41,119
to hit the asteroid

1280
00:47:43,990 --> 00:47:42,400
yeah but i think lori's point is good

1281
00:47:46,309 --> 00:47:44,000
too right i mean that this is just one

1282
00:47:48,390 --> 00:47:46,319
technology it's the most mature it's the

1283
00:47:49,750 --> 00:47:48,400
one that's ready to test now

1284
00:47:51,190 --> 00:47:49,760
maybe in the future we'll want to have

1285
00:47:52,710 --> 00:47:51,200
other tools in our toolkit and people

1286
00:47:54,710 --> 00:47:52,720
have talked about the idea engines

1287
00:47:56,150 --> 00:47:54,720
specifically the ion engines but you

1288
00:47:57,750 --> 00:47:56,160
have to have it burn for a really long

1289
00:47:59,430 --> 00:47:57,760
time yeah right i mean as compared to

1290
00:48:00,790 --> 00:47:59,440
like this instantaneous event it would

1291
00:48:02,230 --> 00:48:00,800
be you would have to operate the

1292
00:48:03,829 --> 00:48:02,240
spacecraft and that's challenging in its

1293
00:48:06,309 --> 00:48:03,839
own right right you know to have that

1294
00:48:07,349 --> 00:48:06,319
sort of fidelity and asteroids are not

1295
00:48:08,390 --> 00:48:07,359
round

1296
00:48:10,069 --> 00:48:08,400
you know they have all sorts of

1297
00:48:12,069 --> 00:48:10,079
complications with them and landing is

1298
00:48:13,990 --> 00:48:12,079
its own complications so but dart really

1299
00:48:16,230 --> 00:48:14,000
is just the start it's just the first

1300
00:48:17,990 --> 00:48:16,240
test of one technique that you might use

1301
00:48:19,829 --> 00:48:18,000
and it'll be interesting to see what

1302
00:48:21,829 --> 00:48:19,839
else we might develop in the future and

1303
00:48:23,430 --> 00:48:21,839
you gotta walk before you run right it

1304
00:48:25,990 --> 00:48:23,440
is a technical challenge in and of

1305
00:48:27,030 --> 00:48:26,000
itself just to make contact

1306
00:48:28,309 --> 00:48:27,040
with this

1307
00:48:31,030 --> 00:48:28,319
okay

1308
00:48:33,510 --> 00:48:31,040
so uh lori and that is another sort of

1309
00:48:35,510 --> 00:48:33,520
between us questions boo

1310
00:48:36,870 --> 00:48:35,520
on facebook who's watching from canada's

1311
00:48:39,510 --> 00:48:36,880
east coast

1312
00:48:41,030 --> 00:48:39,520
wants to know if an asteroid was headed

1313
00:48:42,790 --> 00:48:41,040
straight for earth

1314
00:48:44,390 --> 00:48:42,800
would you inform the public

1315
00:48:46,069 --> 00:48:44,400
absolutely

1316
00:48:48,790 --> 00:48:46,079
also i don't even have to think about

1317
00:48:50,790 --> 00:48:48,800
that when we have um before you get to

1318
00:48:55,109 --> 00:48:50,800
the rest of the question yeah yeah um we

1319
00:48:57,109 --> 00:48:55,119
actually have um not just a uh

1320
00:48:59,349 --> 00:48:57,119
a group that is collaborating and

1321
00:49:00,790 --> 00:48:59,359
cooperating amongst uh multiple federal

1322
00:49:02,390 --> 00:49:00,800
agencies in the united states but

1323
00:49:04,790 --> 00:49:02,400
working with other agencies around the

1324
00:49:06,710 --> 00:49:04,800
world we meet regularly there are

1325
00:49:09,030 --> 00:49:06,720
conferences every year to bring all of

1326
00:49:11,030 --> 00:49:09,040
these various entities together and talk

1327
00:49:12,870 --> 00:49:11,040
about what are we going to do and how

1328
00:49:15,430 --> 00:49:12,880
are we going to communicate this if we

1329
00:49:16,790 --> 00:49:15,440
ever had a potential threat so

1330
00:49:19,190 --> 00:49:16,800
absolutely

1331
00:49:20,950 --> 00:49:19,200
the the public would be told we would

1332
00:49:22,790 --> 00:49:20,960
provide the best information that we

1333
00:49:25,109 --> 00:49:22,800
have available and we would start

1334
00:49:27,270 --> 00:49:25,119
developing uh what the mitigation plans

1335
00:49:29,270 --> 00:49:27,280
are and um

1336
00:49:31,430 --> 00:49:29,280
also any kind of protection plans that

1337
00:49:33,270 --> 00:49:31,440
we need for people so there's there's no

1338
00:49:35,750 --> 00:49:33,280
doubt

1339
00:49:38,470 --> 00:49:35,760
and also we couldn't hide it

1340
00:49:40,549 --> 00:49:38,480
no no you can't like any you look up

1341
00:49:41,910 --> 00:49:40,559
those amateur astronomers that we depend

1342
00:49:44,710 --> 00:49:41,920
on so much to help give us more

1343
00:49:47,430 --> 00:49:44,720
observations everyone would see it as as

1344
00:49:49,510 --> 00:49:47,440
nancy said when we look at these data

1345
00:49:51,270 --> 00:49:49,520
and we calculate the trajectories and

1346
00:49:55,109 --> 00:49:51,280
their orbits this is in a public

1347
00:49:56,230 --> 00:49:55,119
database anybody has access to that so

1348
00:49:57,910 --> 00:49:56,240
there's as soon as an asteroid's

1349
00:49:59,990 --> 00:49:57,920
discovered you can know about it too

1350
00:50:02,230 --> 00:50:00,000
right i mean it's out there so maybe you

1351
00:50:04,390 --> 00:50:02,240
took the planetary defender quiz it wet

1352
00:50:06,630 --> 00:50:04,400
your appetite and then you want to join

1353
00:50:07,510 --> 00:50:06,640
us we'd be happy to have you you bet

1354
00:50:11,270 --> 00:50:07,520
okay

1355
00:50:13,190 --> 00:50:11,280
so uh nancy um are you know talking

1356
00:50:14,390 --> 00:50:13,200
about our our little asteroid here our

1357
00:50:17,109 --> 00:50:14,400
little

1358
00:50:18,790 --> 00:50:17,119
football stadium full of rocks uh james

1359
00:50:21,430 --> 00:50:18,800
taylor on youtube wants to know do you

1360
00:50:23,910 --> 00:50:21,440
know the composition of these two

1361
00:50:25,990 --> 00:50:23,920
asteroids especially the one targeted

1362
00:50:28,230 --> 00:50:26,000
for impact yeah that's a great question

1363
00:50:29,990 --> 00:50:28,240
so what we do know from ground-based

1364
00:50:33,109 --> 00:50:30,000
observations again is the larger one

1365
00:50:34,790 --> 00:50:33,119
dynamos is a s-type asteroid it's a

1366
00:50:36,150 --> 00:50:34,800
ordinary chondrite type meteorite

1367
00:50:37,829 --> 00:50:36,160
material this is actually the most

1368
00:50:39,270 --> 00:50:37,839
common type of material that falls to

1369
00:50:40,950 --> 00:50:39,280
the earth

1370
00:50:42,950 --> 00:50:40,960
we haven't actually directly measured

1371
00:50:44,710 --> 00:50:42,960
demorphos but the way that we think that

1372
00:50:46,230 --> 00:50:44,720
binary asteroids form these double

1373
00:50:48,870 --> 00:50:46,240
asteroids form it's going to have a

1374
00:50:50,470 --> 00:50:48,880
similar composition to the main one so a

1375
00:50:52,710 --> 00:50:50,480
good likelihood that it's going to be

1376
00:50:54,870 --> 00:50:52,720
made of this ordinary chondrite material

1377
00:50:57,270 --> 00:50:54,880
which ordinary chondrites are mixtures

1378
00:50:59,430 --> 00:50:57,280
of rock and metal mixed together they're

1379
00:51:01,349 --> 00:50:59,440
4.5 billion years old they predate the

1380
00:51:02,790 --> 00:51:01,359
planets they're fascinating just from

1381
00:51:03,990 --> 00:51:02,800
the science that you get from them as

1382
00:51:05,349 --> 00:51:04,000
well but it also makes it really

1383
00:51:06,950 --> 00:51:05,359
relevant because it's the most common

1384
00:51:08,870 --> 00:51:06,960
type of thing to hit the earth so that

1385
00:51:12,069 --> 00:51:08,880
makes this a great test and a very

1386
00:51:14,790 --> 00:51:12,079
appropriate test for this for dart

1387
00:51:15,829 --> 00:51:14,800
okay so jay has a very practical

1388
00:51:18,230 --> 00:51:15,839
question

1389
00:51:20,309 --> 00:51:18,240
um on facebook for someone who's

1390
00:51:22,790 --> 00:51:20,319
interested in entering

1391
00:51:25,510 --> 00:51:22,800
a field like the three of yours science

1392
00:51:26,630 --> 00:51:25,520
or engineering what basic courses do you

1393
00:51:29,750 --> 00:51:26,640
suggest

1394
00:51:31,829 --> 00:51:29,760
um you know to set you up for a career

1395
00:51:33,510 --> 00:51:31,839
involved with the nasa mission that's a

1396
00:51:36,390 --> 00:51:33,520
great question i'll give some of mine

1397
00:51:38,790 --> 00:51:36,400
and then we can all jump in here um

1398
00:51:41,349 --> 00:51:38,800
for me i got started doing uh math and

1399
00:51:43,990 --> 00:51:41,359
physics um and i think that's probably

1400
00:51:45,270 --> 00:51:44,000
fundamental for a lot of things but uh

1401
00:51:48,630 --> 00:51:45,280
i would definitely

1402
00:51:50,950 --> 00:51:48,640
encourage math and physics for sure yeah

1403
00:51:52,390 --> 00:51:50,960
same i love math and physics that's

1404
00:51:54,630 --> 00:51:52,400
something i really enjoyed in high

1405
00:51:56,470 --> 00:51:54,640
school so i decided to keep going with

1406
00:51:59,349 --> 00:51:56,480
it engineering sounded cool you're

1407
00:52:01,750 --> 00:51:59,359
solving problems building things so

1408
00:52:03,990 --> 00:52:01,760
that's what i went with

1409
00:52:06,230 --> 00:52:04,000
yeah i have a phd in planetary science i

1410
00:52:08,230 --> 00:52:06,240
was just fascinated by planets i i blame

1411
00:52:10,390 --> 00:52:08,240
star wars which i love from an early

1412
00:52:12,230 --> 00:52:10,400
early age but i guess also one thing i

1413
00:52:13,910 --> 00:52:12,240
want to stress is that you should do

1414
00:52:16,069 --> 00:52:13,920
what you're passionate about and that it

1415
00:52:18,390 --> 00:52:16,079
really does take all types to do this

1416
00:52:19,750 --> 00:52:18,400
nasa missions i mean if you could look

1417
00:52:21,349 --> 00:52:19,760
around where i am right now you would

1418
00:52:23,349 --> 00:52:21,359
see people with lots of different skills

1419
00:52:25,270 --> 00:52:23,359
and i mean communicating is an important

1420
00:52:27,109 --> 00:52:25,280
part of this as well if somebody had

1421
00:52:29,670 --> 00:52:27,119
told me when i was 17 years old that

1422
00:52:31,589 --> 00:52:29,680
science communication was a job i would

1423
00:52:33,750 --> 00:52:31,599
not have taken the sort of circuitous

1424
00:52:36,069 --> 00:52:33,760
path that i did i'm glad that i did

1425
00:52:37,750 --> 00:52:36,079
though because a lot of different skills

1426
00:52:40,630 --> 00:52:37,760
go into this and when i was in school

1427
00:52:42,150 --> 00:52:40,640
social media wasn't even a field right

1428
00:52:43,750 --> 00:52:42,160
well nancy makes a great point it's

1429
00:52:45,510 --> 00:52:43,760
something when i give public talks

1430
00:52:47,510 --> 00:52:45,520
especially to kids

1431
00:52:49,349 --> 00:52:47,520
try to always emphasize that you know

1432
00:52:51,270 --> 00:52:49,359
people say i want to work for nasa but

1433
00:52:52,470 --> 00:52:51,280
i'm not good at math or science or i

1434
00:52:54,309 --> 00:52:52,480
don't want to be a scientist or an

1435
00:52:57,589 --> 00:52:54,319
engineer so well we have

1436
00:52:59,349 --> 00:52:57,599
lawyers we have financial people that do

1437
00:53:02,549 --> 00:52:59,359
our budgets we have communications

1438
00:53:05,190 --> 00:53:02,559
people we have artists we have animators

1439
00:53:07,430 --> 00:53:05,200
um we have policy people that help us

1440
00:53:09,829 --> 00:53:07,440
deal and work with congress you know we

1441
00:53:11,589 --> 00:53:09,839
have so many different skills that are

1442
00:53:13,910 --> 00:53:11,599
really required and we can't do a

1443
00:53:15,589 --> 00:53:13,920
mission like dart or any of our missions

1444
00:53:17,349 --> 00:53:15,599
without all of those skill sets so

1445
00:53:18,470 --> 00:53:17,359
you're absolutely right yeah i mean and

1446
00:53:19,750 --> 00:53:18,480
if you think about planetary defense

1447
00:53:21,030 --> 00:53:19,760
like everything we were talking about

1448
00:53:23,030 --> 00:53:21,040
right i mean this has a lot of

1449
00:53:24,790 --> 00:53:23,040
implications beyond just you know the

1450
00:53:25,990 --> 00:53:24,800
science and the engineering to make it

1451
00:53:27,270 --> 00:53:26,000
come together and then what that is

1452
00:53:28,309 --> 00:53:27,280
going forward and

1453
00:53:29,910 --> 00:53:28,319
i think that's one of the things i

1454
00:53:31,670 --> 00:53:29,920
really love about working at apl and on

1455
00:53:33,109 --> 00:53:31,680
missions and with nasa missions and this

1456
00:53:34,870 --> 00:53:33,119
sort of thing just so many different

1457
00:53:36,069 --> 00:53:34,880
people coming together with a common

1458
00:53:38,309 --> 00:53:36,079
goal

1459
00:53:41,109 --> 00:53:38,319
okay well you are all smiles and i've

1460
00:53:44,150 --> 00:53:41,119
got the warm fuzzies about collaboration

1461
00:53:46,790 --> 00:53:44,160
and the village coming together um this

1462
00:53:49,589 --> 00:53:46,800
could be our final question

1463
00:53:52,549 --> 00:53:49,599
kivo bologne on youtube wants to know

1464
00:53:54,710 --> 00:53:52,559
what's been everyone's favorite moment

1465
00:53:57,910 --> 00:53:54,720
or part of the work that you have done

1466
00:54:01,349 --> 00:53:59,430
i think my favorite moment is going to

1467
00:54:04,710 --> 00:54:01,359
happen tonight

1468
00:54:09,030 --> 00:54:07,270
so i'm going to go with that i'm uh

1469
00:54:10,790 --> 00:54:09,040
i'm really i'm just so looking forward

1470
00:54:13,510 --> 00:54:10,800
to the launch tonight

1471
00:54:16,390 --> 00:54:13,520
yeah so one of my favorite moments was i

1472
00:54:20,069 --> 00:54:16,400
mean i was with this spacecraft from its

1473
00:54:22,069 --> 00:54:20,079
youth until its adulthood um and part of

1474
00:54:24,790 --> 00:54:22,079
integration and testing was

1475
00:54:26,790 --> 00:54:24,800
testing it so after this was a bare

1476
00:54:29,349 --> 00:54:26,800
structure we put it all together and

1477
00:54:31,750 --> 00:54:29,359
then we put it on a vibration table and

1478
00:54:34,309 --> 00:54:31,760
seeing that spacecraft shaking on a

1479
00:54:35,910 --> 00:54:34,319
vibration table it was crazy i thought

1480
00:54:38,150 --> 00:54:35,920
we were gonna break it but of course

1481
00:54:39,910 --> 00:54:38,160
analysis we did not break it and it

1482
00:54:42,150 --> 00:54:39,920
survived which means it will survive

1483
00:54:43,589 --> 00:54:42,160
launch loads so like that was really

1484
00:54:45,589 --> 00:54:43,599
cool to like go through the whole

1485
00:54:47,750 --> 00:54:45,599
testing process and just see the

1486
00:54:49,750 --> 00:54:47,760
spacecraft grow up

1487
00:54:51,910 --> 00:54:49,760
that's so cool there's been a lot of

1488
00:54:54,150 --> 00:54:51,920
amazing moments so far but i am going to

1489
00:54:56,549 --> 00:54:54,160
say that my favorite moment is still to

1490
00:54:58,950 --> 00:54:56,559
come for sure so i'm looking forward to

1491
00:55:01,829 --> 00:54:58,960
start getting off the planet and going

1492
00:55:04,789 --> 00:55:01,839
over to de bourfos all right well i know

1493
00:55:07,270 --> 00:55:04,799
that you are all very busy and everyone

1494
00:55:09,750 --> 00:55:07,280
here myself included is all a twitter

1495
00:55:13,510 --> 00:55:09,760
about this launch tonight so thank you

1496
00:55:14,710 --> 00:55:13,520
so much lori lisa nancy will it and to

1497
00:55:17,589 --> 00:55:14,720
all of you

1498
00:55:20,470 --> 00:55:17,599
thank you for joining us this show nasa

1499
00:55:21,990 --> 00:55:20,480
science live is nothing without you you

1500
00:55:24,150 --> 00:55:22,000
are part of the conversation and we're

1501
00:55:27,270 --> 00:55:24,160
so so happy to have you

1502
00:55:31,030 --> 00:55:27,280
so thank you and know that you can learn

1503
00:55:32,390 --> 00:55:31,040
more about dart by visiting nasa.gov

1504
00:55:34,069 --> 00:55:32,400
dart mission

1505
00:55:35,990 --> 00:55:34,079
and join the conversation on twitter and

1506
00:55:37,510 --> 00:55:36,000
instagram by using

1507
00:55:40,069 --> 00:55:37,520
dart mission

1508
00:55:42,309 --> 00:55:40,079
launch is literally hours away and we do

1509
00:55:44,950 --> 00:55:42,319
not want you to miss it so you can set

1510
00:55:47,910 --> 00:55:44,960
your reminders set your alarms and know

1511
00:55:50,789 --> 00:55:47,920
we're streaming live on nasa.gov live

1512
00:55:53,030 --> 00:55:50,799
nasa television the nasa app youtube

1513
00:55:54,870 --> 00:55:53,040
facebook twitch dailymotion twitter

1514
00:55:56,789 --> 00:55:54,880
wherever you get your socials we're

1515
00:55:57,829 --> 00:55:56,799
going to be there and we want to hear

1516
00:56:00,789 --> 00:55:57,839
from you

1517
00:56:03,670 --> 00:56:00,799
dart is set to lift off at from

1518
00:56:07,910 --> 00:56:03,680
vandenberg space force base at exactly

1519
00:56:10,950 --> 00:56:07,920
10 21 p.m pacific time because if we

1520
00:56:13,270 --> 00:56:10,960
it's an instantaneous launch window so

1521
00:56:17,190 --> 00:56:13,280
we we launch tonight at that second or

1522
00:56:19,430 --> 00:56:17,200
we try again tomorrow or the next day

1523
00:56:22,069 --> 00:56:19,440
we hope that you'll be watching wherever

1524
00:56:30,490 --> 00:56:22,079
you are thanks for making some space for